Fahimtar Saurin Tuba da Yadda Za a Samu Cikakken Sautin

Tushen Babban Sautin Tuba: Me Ya Sa Sa Sa Sauraro Yake da Muhimmanci

Tuba tana da ƙarfi sosai a cikin sauti da kuma sauti na orchestras, ƙungiyoyin kida, ƙungiyoyin mawaƙa, ƙungiyoyin mawaƙa, har ma da ƙungiyoyin jazz. Muryarsa mai zurfi, mai sautin murya tana ba da tushe mai ƙarfi wanda sauran kayan aikin ke ginawa a kai. Duk da haka, samun ingantaccen sauti, a cikin sautin sauti a kan tuba yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan da ke cikin rawar mawaƙa. Ba kamar piano ko organ ba, inda kewayawa ta hanyar maɓalli ko bututu, tuba ta dogara ne gaba ɗaya akan ikon mai kunnawa don sarrafa ginshiƙin iska ta hanyar ƙuƙwalwar murya, tallafin numfashi, da daidaitaccen inji. Ko da mafi kyawun kayan aiki na iya sauti mai laushi ko mara kyau idan ba a daidaita shi daidai ba. Jagorancin sautin ba kawai yana inganta ingancin sauti na mutum ba amma yana haɓaka haɗuwa da sautin gaba ɗaya.

Sautin da ya dace yana taimaka maka ka kiyaye sautin sauti a duk wuraren da kake saurara, yana inganta sauti da kuma nuna sauti, kuma yana ba ka damar tallafawa maganganun kiɗa tare da amincewa. Ga mai tubal, sautin ba saiti ɗaya bane.

Ka'idodin Sautin Sautin Tuba

Kafin nutsewa cikin injin daidaita slides da bawul, yana taimakawa wajen fahimtar dalilin da yasa sautin tuba ya canza. tuba yana samar da sauti lokacin da mai kunnawa's vibration lebe haifar da wani tsaye raƙuman ruwa a cikin bututun kayan aiki. Tsawon wannan ginshiƙin iska yana ƙayyade sautin tushe. Tsawon ginshiƙi yana samar da ƙananan tushe; gajeren ginshiƙi yana samar da mafi girma. Mai kunnawa yana canza sautin ta hanyar canza tashin hankali na lebe (ƙofar) da amfani da bawul don tura iska ta hanyar ƙarin tsawon bututun.

Duk da haka, ilimin lissafi na kayan aikin tagulla yana gabatar da kuskuren da ke tattare da shi. Yayin da mai kunnawa ya koma ga sautunan daban-daban (harmonics) ko ƙara haɗuwa da bawul, yanayin yanayin yanayin bututun ya sa wasu sautunan su zama kaifi ko lebur dangane da yanayin daidai. Wannan an san shi da daidaitawa na sulhu. Babu kayan aikin tagulla wanda ke daidaitawa daidai a cikin kowane sautin ba tare da biyan kuɗi ba. Babban bututun tuba da dogon bututun suna ƙara tsananta waɗannan yanayin, musamman a cikin ƙananan ƙananan da manyan rajista. Fahimtar waɗannan ƙa'idodin sauti yana ba ku damar hango matsalolin sautin da gyara su da gangan maimakon yin tsammani.

Abubuwan da ke cikin Tuba Tuning: Slides, Valves, da Embouchure

Babban Slide na Saitawa

Babban slide shine babban kayan aiki don daidaita yawan sautin tuba. Ta hanyar motsa wannan slide a ciki ko waje, kuna canza jimlar tsawon ginshiƙin iska, canza daidaitawar tushe na duk kayan aiki. Ga yawancin tubas, daidaitaccen daidaitaccen sauti shine A = 440 Hz. Don saita babban slide, kunna bayanin kula wanda ke amfani da buga mai buɗewa (ba a latsa bawul ba), yawanci B a cikin rijistar tsakiya (ko mahimmin sauti dangane da maɓallin tuba). Saita slide har sai mai sautin ya nuna cewa bayanin kula yana cikin sautin. Wannan matakin yana ba da tushe; daga nan, kuna daidaita bayanan sirri tare da slides na bawul da daidaitawar kwalliya.

Yana da mahimmanci a daidaita babban slide a cikin yanayin zafiƙarfin ƙarfe ya ƙulla, yana ɗaga ƙarar, yayin da ƙarfe mai zafi ke faɗaɗa, yana rage shi. Koyaushe kunna na mintuna da yawa don kawo kayan aiki zuwa zafin jiki na aiki kafin yin daidaitawar ƙarshe na babban slide.

Slides na Valve: Gyara Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙ

Kowane bawul a kan tuba yana ƙara wani tsayin bututu na musamman lokacin da aka haɗa shi. Duk da haka, haɗuwa da bawul da yawa sau da yawa yana haifar da sautin da ke da kaifi ko lebur saboda jimlar bututun da aka ƙara ba ta da kyau a kowane jituwa. Wannan shine inda slides na bawul ya zama mahimmanci. Tubes na zamani suna da slides na musamman don kowane bawul, da yawa sau da slide na uku wanda za'a iya sarrafa shi da zoben ko mai kunnawa.

Don daidaita slides na bawul a cikin tsari:

Yi wasa da bayanin kula ta amfani da bawul na farko kawai (misali, F3 akan tuba B lokacin da buɗe B ke cikin layi). Gyara slide na bawul na farko har sai wannan bayanin kula ya dace da mai saitawa.
Maimaitawa don bawul na biyu kawai (E akan B tuba) da bawul na uku kawai (D akan B tuba).
Duba bayanan da ke amfani da haɗuwa kamar 1 + 2, 1 + 3, da 2 + 3. Sau da yawa waɗannan zasu buƙaci matsayi daban na slide. Misali, yawancin masu tubbists suna jan slide na uku dan kadan don ƙananan haɗuwa 2 + 3 (misali, low C) don gyara kaifi.
Yi amfani da mai jan murya na ko daidaitawa da hannu don saita nunin faifai daidai; guji tilasta su.

Koyon yadda kayan aikinka suke da kyau yana da muhimmanci domin wasu tubalan suna da ƙarin tsarin biyan kuɗi ko kuma ƙarin slides da ke ba da damar yin amfani da su sosai.

Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙ

Yayin da slides ke ba da daidaitaccen tsari da kuma daidaitaccen inji, bakin mai kunnawa da iska sune mafi kyawun masu gyara sautin. A shakatawa, mai hankali mai daidaitawa tare da kusurwoyi masu ƙarfi da cibiyar shakatawa yana ba da damar daidaitaccen sautin. Taimako na numfashi ta amfani da daidaitaccen, mai sauri, iska mai dumi daga diaphragm yana daidaita ginshiƙin iska kuma yana rage rawar jiki. Ana iya yin ƙananan gyare-gyare (har zuwa kimanin 20 cents) ta hanyar daidaitawa da lebe ko amfani da bayan harshe don canza kwarin baki. Duk da haka, dogaro kawai akan bakin don manyan sautin sautin sauti yana haifar da ƙarancin yanayi da sautin sauti. Tsarin da ya dace yana amfani da slides don yawancin daidaitawa da ƙarancin yanayi da kuma bakin / iska don daidaitawa da daidaitawa da daidaitawa ga yanayin daidaitawa.

Jagora a Mataki na Samun Cikakken Matsayi

Yi wasa da dogon sautin a cikin duk rajista, labbobin lebe, da sikelin. Wannan yana daidaita bakin ku kuma yana kawo kayan aiki zuwa zafin jiki na aiki.

Saita mai amfani mai amfani. Yi amfani da mai saurin sautin launi, aikace-aikacen sautin tare da bayyanannen nuni na gani (kamar ClearTune ko TonalEnergy), ko sautin drone daga mai samar da sauti. Jirgin sama yana da amfani musamman don haɓaka kunnenku saboda yana ba da ci gaba da tunani.

Saita babban slide. [ ] Yi wasa da matsakaiciyar rijistar buɗe rubutu (misali, B3 akan tuba B). Saita babban slide har sai mai saitawa ya nuna bayanin yana tsakiyar. Yi wannan a cikin yanayi mai nutsuwa, sauraro kamar kallon.
Yi wasa da bayanin kula ta amfani da bawul na farko kawai; ja ko tura slide na bawul na farko don cibiyarsa. Maimaita don bawul na biyu da na uku daban. Sannan bincika da daidaita bayanan haɗin (1+2, 1+3, 2+3).
Play a duk rajista. The low rajista sau da yawa bukatar karin slide jawo (musamman low E a kan B tuba) yayin da high rajista iya bukatar daban-daban gyare-gyare. Kada ka ɗauka daya saitin slide saitin aiki ga dukan zangon. Yi amfani da wani tuner zuwa taswirar da halaye na kayan aiki.
]Kara daidaitawa da kunnuwanku. ] Da zarar an saita daidaitawar inji, yi wasa da jirgin sama ko tare da rikodin sanannen tushen sautin. Yi aiki da lankwasa sautunan da suka ɗan kaifi da lebur don jin bambanci kuma koya sauka a tsakiyar.
]Auna da daidaitawa yayin wasan. Canjin zafin jiki, danshi, da tsawon lokacin da kuke wasa na iya canza sautin. Bincika daidaitawar ku lokaci-lokaci tsakanin sassan ko yayin hutawa. Yi amfani da damar lokacin da wasu ke daidaitawa don tabbatar da bayanan ku.

Ƙwarewar Ƙwarewar Ƙwarewa don Yin Wasa a Ƙungiya

A cikin wani tsari, sautin lantarki mai tsabta shine kawai farkon farawa.

A matsayin kayan aiki na bass, tuba sau da yawa yana ba da tushen kirtani. Yi wasa da tushen a cikin sautin yanayin jituwa. Idan kirtani babban triad ne, tushen ya kamata ya zama mai karko da tsakiya; ana iya buƙatar daidaitawa kaɗan idan kirtani ya kasance ƙarami ko canzawa.
Yi amfani da jerin sautin sauti. [ ] Sashe na biyar na jerin jituwa na iya zama mai kaifi musamman akan kayan kida. Ka lura cewa jituwa na biyar (E4 akan jerin sautin tuba B) yana da saurin wasa. Yi ma'amala ta hanyar jan slide mai dacewa ko amfani da ɗan ɗan ƙaramin bugawa.
Lokacin wasa da euphonium, trombone, ko bass trombone, saita lokacinku. Wani abin da ya fi dacewa shi ne tuba da bass trombone suna wasa da octave don saita octave don haka ya zama gaskiya. Yi amfani da cikakken fifth drone don yin aiki da lokacin daidaitawa tare da wani mai kunnawa.
A cikin yanayi da yawa, daidaitaccen yanayi shine misali, amma wasu ƙungiyoyi suna son kawai intonation don takamaiman kirtani. Sauƙin tuba yana ba ku damar yin gyare-gyare na microtonal ta hanyar motsa babban slide a hankali yayin kunna fasaha da ake kira glissando tuning.

Matsaloli da Suka Shafi a Yin Saurin Yin Wa'azi da Kuma Magani Masu Kyau

Yanayin Zazzabi da Tasirin Muhalli

Lokacin sanyi yana sa ƙarfe ya yi taƙama, yana ƙara sautin sa; yanayi mai zafi yana da akasin sakamako. Tuba da aka bar a cikin mota mai sanyi zai yi wasa sosai har sai ya warma. Koyaushe ku dumi kayan aiki ta hanyar busa iska mai dumi ta ciki kuma ku yi wasa aƙalla minti biyar kafin sautin ƙarshe. A cikin wasan waje, bincika sautin sau da yawa saboda yawan zafin jiki da danshi suna canzawa da sauri.

Matsalar Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fuskokin Fus

Fuskokin da ke manne ko jinkirin jinkirta yaudarar iska kuma yana haifar da rashin kwanciyar hankali. Ana buƙatar lubrication na yau da kullun tare da man bawul da man shafawa. Fuskokin datti na iya haifar da tsatsa wanda ke hana sauƙin daidaitawatsaftace su da masana'anta kuma yi amfani da sabo mai. Idan bawul ɗin ya yi sassaucin ra'ayi, zai iya yin iska; yi amfani da layin mai mai mai laushi sosai don rufe shi ba tare da sanya shi a tsaye ba.

Ƙarfi da Rashin Daidaitawa

Yayin da tsokoki suka gaji, saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin saurin sa

Abubuwan da Suka Sa a Tsara Kayan Waƙa

Babu tuba cikakke. Wasu sautunan (kamar ƙananan D da ƙananan C a kan yawancin tubas B) suna da sananne sosai. Magani shine daidaita slide na bawul na uku ko amfani da yatsan hannu na madadin. Misali, kunna ƙananan D a matsayin 1 + 2 maimakon buhun buɗewa? A zahiri, ƙananan D a kan B tuba shine 1 + 3 ko 4, amma haɗuwa da 1 + 4 galibi tana aiki mafi kyau. Koyi zane-zane na kayan aikinku kuma ku sanya alama ga sautunan matsala a cikin kiɗa.

Koyarwar Ji da Kuma Matsayin Fasaha

Yin amfani da sautin a matsayin jagora na farawa, sa'an nan kuma ka bunkasa kunnenka ta hanyar:

Yin wasa da jiragen sama: A jirgin sama ba ka da wani gyarawa sautin don daidaita intervals.
Rubuta kanka: Yi amfani da wayoyin komai da ruwanka ko mai rikodin sauti don kama aikinka. Saurari tare da mai sautin sauti ko tare da kunnuwanka kawai don gano matsalolin sautin da ke ci gaba.
Waƙarku: Waƙarku ta tuba kafin ku yi wasa. Wannan yana haɓaka sautin kuma yana inganta haɗin kunne zuwa yatsa.

Akwai kyawawan aikace-aikace kyauta da na biya waɗanda ke haɗuwa da sautin, drone, da fasalin bincike na bakan gizo. Wasu albarkatun da aka ba da shawarar sun haɗa da TonalEnergy Tuner (FLT:1) (iOS / Android) da ClearTune (FLT:2). Don zurfin labarai game da sautin tagulla, ɗakin karatu na fasaha na Connor-Selmer yana ba da jagora, kamar yadda yake a cikin Jagorar Yin Wasan Yamaha Tuba (FLT: 7).

Saita nau'ikan Tubes daban-daban (BBb, CC, Eb, F)

Ka'idodin suna da mahimmanci, amma kowane maɓallin tuba yana da halaye na musamman:

Mafi yawanci a cikin bands. Buɗe B shine babban tunani. Rukunin ƙananan rajista (sautin pedal) galibi yana da lebur; ja babban slide a hankali don ƙananan sautunan ko turawa don manyan sautunan. Slide na bawul na uku yana da mahimmanci ga ƙananan D da C.
CC tuba: (FLT: 0) Standard a cikin kida. C mai bude shine tunani. CC tubas sau da yawa suna da kyakkyawan intonation a cikin matsakaiciyar rijista, amma ƙananan rijista na iya zama mai kaifi.
E tuba: [1] Na kowa a cikin ƙungiyoyin lasifika da wasu mahallin mawaƙa. Ƙananan bore na iya sa sa sa sautin sautin ya fi sauƙi; yi hankali da babban rijista. Babban daidaitawar slide ya fi dacewa.
An yi amfani da shi sau da yawa don kiɗa na solo da na ɗakin. Babban rijista na iya zama mai kaifi saboda ƙaramin bore. bawul na huɗu da slides na firikwensin suna da mahimmanci don daidaito.

Ko da kuwa wane maɓalli ne, hanya ta asali ta kasance: saita ƙaho mai buɗewa, sa'an nan kuma slides na bawul, sa'an nan kuma ku daidaita da ƙuƙwalwa da iska. Koyi takamaiman yanayin sautin don kayan aikinku ta hanyar ƙirƙirar jadawalin sautin a cikin zaman horo da yawa.

Yin Saurin Saitawa a Lokaci

Ka yi la'akari da wasu shawarwari da za su taimaka maka ka riƙa yin wasa da tuba yadda ya kamata:

Yi aiki da dogon sautuna a kowace rana tare da mai sautin sauti ko jirgin sama. Ka mai da hankali kan sautin guda a lokaci guda, riƙe shi a kwance na 1015 seconds yayin kallon nuni.
Ci gaba da al'adar daidaitawa kafin kowane motsa jiki da wasan kwaikwayon: dumi, saita babban slide, duba slides na bawul, sannan kunna sikelin yayin sauraro.
] Tsaftace kayan aikinka akai-akai. ] datti a cikin nunin faifai ko bawul na iya haifar da sauye-sauye na daidaitawa. Cikakken tsaftacewa kowane watanni shida shine manufa.
Yi aiki tare da malami ko mai horarwa don samun ra'ayoyi game da sautinku a cikin mahallin ƙungiyar. Wani lokaci matsala da ba za ku iya ji ba a bayyane take ga wani.
Yi amfani da hanyar sautin shiru lokacin da ake buƙata: yayin hutu shiru a cikin gwaji, kunna sautin mai laushi, gajere don bincika cikin sauri tare da mai sautin.

Ƙarshen: Tafiya ta Ƙarfafawa

Samun cikakkiyar sautin tuba ba manufa bane amma ci gaba da ingantawa. Yana haɗuwa da ilimin inji na kayan aikinka, horo mai kyau na kunne, da sassauci don daidaitawa da yanayin canzawa. Ta hanyar sarrafa amfani da babban slide na sautin, slides na bawul, da kuma bakinka da numfashinka, zaku iya samar da wadataccen sauti, mai sautin sauti, da kyau a cikin sautin da ke ɗaure kowane rukuni. Ka tuna cewa mafi kyawun masu kunna tuba masu sauraro ne na yau da kullun ga kansu, ga kayan aikin su, da kuma ga mawaƙa da ke kewaye da su. Kulawa da daidaitawa koyaushe zai canza kunnawa daga kawai aiki zuwa ainihin kiɗa.