Yin wasan kwaikwayo na jazz a cikin babban rukunin ƙungiya yana da ƙalubale mai ban sha'awa kuma nau'i ne na fasaha. Ba kamar yanayin da ke cikin gida da ke cikin ƙananan haɗuwa ba, inda mawaƙa zasu iya musayar ra'ayoyi da shimfida siffofi, babban ƙungiyar yana buƙatar horo, sauraro, da zurfin fahimtar tsari. Solo naka ya zama murya a cikin ƙungiya mai ƙarfi, mai yadudduka inda kowane rubutu dole ne ya yi aiki ga tarin sautin da tsarin jituwa. Ko kai ƙwararren mai yin wasan kwaikwayo ne da ke shiga cikin dakin gwaji ko kuma matashi mai kunnawa wanda ke magance babban kundin farko na ƙungiyar ku, waɗannan nasihun haɓaka jazz zasu taimaka muku kewaya cikin rikitarwa, girma a matsayin mawaƙa, da isar da solo masu ban mamaki waɗanda ke haɓaka ƙungiyar gaba ɗaya.

Ka Fahimci Yanayin Big Band

Big bands suna gina a kusa da sassan: saxophones (alto, tenor, baritone), trumpets, trombones, da kuma wani rhythm sashe (piano, bass, drum, kuma sau da yawa guitar). An shirya sassa cika da bayanan, ihu choruses, da kuma sassan hits daidaita yanayin da your improvisation zaune. Ba kamar combo, inda za ka iya mika a solo a fadin mahara choruses da hankali gina, da big band soloist dole ne su dace a cikin wani hankali crafted tsarin. Your aiki ne don kammala da tsari, ba ya yi yaƙi da shi.

Ga wasu muhimman ka'idoji na ci gaba a cikin babban rukuni:

  • Kafin yin wasa, koya inda layin baya, da bugun jini, da kuma vamps na ƙungiyar suke faruwa. Solo ɗinka ya kamata ya yi taƙaitawa tsakanin waɗannan abubuwan, amsa waƙar ƙarfe ko yawo a kan madaidaitan sautin a sashin saxophone. Sauraron cikakken jadawalin sau da yawa zai nuna lokacin da solo ɗinka zai iya numfashi da lokacin da dole ne ya kulle.
  • A lokacin da kake yin wasan kwaikwayo, ka haɗa sautinka da sautinka don dacewa da sashi. Lokacin da kake zuwa solo, yi aikin ba tare da tilasta ba. Yawancin 'yan wasan da suka ƙware suna amfani da ƙarancin ƙuƙwalwa ko kuma suna canza ƙarfin tsiri don kula da iko a matakan motsi daban-daban.
  • FLT:0]] Bi alamun gani da na ji: Jagora ko shugaban ƙungiyar yana saita saurin, yana nuna sassan solo, kuma yana ba da sigina ga sauye-sauye kamar dawowar waƙa ko hutu na daidaitawa. Ka kasance mai hankali a duk lokacin jadawalin, ba kawai yayin solo ba.

Don ƙarin haske, bincika rikodin Count Basie, Duke Ellington, da Thad Jones. Ka lura da yadda mawaƙa kamar Frank Foster ko Joe Temperley ke kewayawa a cikin tsari.

Ka Ƙware a Yin Magana Mai Kyau

Rhythm shine bugun zuciya na jazz, kuma a cikin babban rukuni na kwantar da hankali, yana da mahimmanci fiye da jituwa. Ruwa mai saurin motsawa, bugun baya, da kuma hulɗa tsakanin sassan ya dogara da bayyanar rhythmic na kowane mawaƙa. Solo tare da rauni lokaci ko rashin ma'anar magana ba zai fita ba kawai ba, amma kuma ya rushe jin daɗin ƙungiyar.

  • Babban sassan da tsara lokaci: Ku ciyar da lokaci na yau da kullun tare da saitin metronome a rabin saurin don ku ji bugun jini mafi girma. Yi aiki da sautin takwas, layin da ke kan triplets, da kuma sautin da aka yi. Yawancin 'yan wasa sun gano cewa mai da hankali kan "2 da 4" ko tsarin cymbal na tafiya yana ƙarfafa agogon su na ciki. Wuraren wasa tare da magudanar kamar Mel Lewis ko Art Blakey na iya kwaikwayon tashin wani sashi na sautin gaske.
  • Yi amfani da hutawa da sarari da gangan: Shiru kayan aiki ne mai ƙarfi na haɓaka. A cikin tsari mai yawa, 'yan bugun hutawa na iya haifar da tashin hankali kuma ya ba da damar siffofin tagulla su yi ƙarfi. Yi tunanin solo ɗinku a matsayin tattaunawa inda shiru ke nuna ra'ayoyinku. Misali, musayar jimloli na sanduna huɗu tare da drummer ko bari sashin saxophone ya amsa layinku.
  • FLT:0]]Bincika kira da amsa tare da sassan: Improvisation na babban ƙungiyar sau da yawa yana ƙunshe da amsawa ga riffs na baya ko hits na rubuce. Idan trombones suna wasa da siffar tashi, zaku iya yin ma'ana da wannan siffar tare da magana mai saukowa. Wannan yana haifar da tattaunawa ta kiɗa kuma yana nuna kuna sauraron duka ƙungiyar, ba kawai kunnenku na ciki ba.

Har ila yau, ƙwarewar rhythmic ta samo asali ne daga rubutun solo daga manyan 'yan wasan big band. Saurari yadda Paul Gonsalves ya gina solo ta amfani da jigogi masu maimaitawa ko yadda Freddie Green ya yi waƙa da rhythmic comping ya tallafawa sawun.

Ka Koyi Harshen Da Ya Yi Daidaitacce

Babban ƙungiyar ƙungiyoyi suna da sau da yawa suna da tsawo harmonies ninth, goma sha ɗaya, goma sha uku, da kuma canje-canje masu rikitarwatare da saurin daidaitawa da ci gaba na ii-V-I waɗanda ke gudana ta hanyar maɓallan da yawa. Fahimtar yanayin yanayin jituwa yana ba ka damar tsara layin da ke nuna canje-canje a fili kuma ƙara launi ba tare da zato ba tsammani ba.

  • FLT:0]]Ka bincika ci gaban jigo a gaba: Zauna tare da ginshiƙi ka gano cibiyoyin maɓalli, jigo masu rinjaye waɗanda ke warware na huɗu, da wuraren da maye gurbin ke faruwa. Sanin inda jituwa ke da kwanciyar hankali da inda yake motsawa zai jagorantar zaɓin sautinka. Alal misali, jerin Dm7-G7-Cmaj7 yana buƙatar hanyoyin sikelin daban-daban fiye da jerin jerin ƙananan ƙarancin sautin.
  • Yi amfani da sautunan kirtani azaman maki na tushen waƙa: Sautunan uku da na bakwai na kowane kirtani (sautunan jagora) suna ƙayyade sautin ci gaba. Yin jaddada waɗannan sautunan yana sa solo ɗinku ya zama mai tsabta. Tsawaitawa kamar 9th da 13th ƙara ƙwarewa.
  • FLT:0]]Haɗa sautunan wucewa da ƙuƙwalwar ƙira: don ƙirƙirar tashin hankali da ƙuduri, kusanci sautunan ƙira daga rabin mataki sama ko ƙasa. Haɗa sautunan maƙwabta tare da maƙwabta masu ƙira. Wannan fasaha, wanda saxophonist Charlie Parker ya yi amfani da shi sosai, yana ƙara launi mai launi da sautin murya mai santsi. Misali, a kan ƙirar G7, zaku iya kunna F-Ab-G-E-D-C-B-Bb-A-G don zagaye tushen da na biyar.

Ka yi nazarin rikodin da aka yi da mawaƙa masu fasaha da suka ƙware a yin wasan kwaikwayo kamar su Stan Getz, Zoot Sims, da kuma Bob Brookmeyer. Ka rubuta gajerun kalmomi kuma ka bincika ƙudurin da suke yi a sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin

Ka Kasance da Murya Mai ƙarfi

Duk da yake girmamawa ga ƙungiyar da kuma salon yana da mahimmanci, sautinka na mutum - hanyar da kake magana, magana, da zaɓar sautin - yana sa ka zama mai zaman kanka da abin tunawa. A cikin babban rukuni, inda kayan kida da yawa zasu iya ninka sassa, murya mai ban mamaki tana taimaka maka yankewa ba tare da ƙara ba.

  • Fata da launuka da kuma magana: Gwada wasu hare-hare: kalmomin legato waɗanda ke yin laushi da kyau, ko kuma layin layin da ke saurin saurin sa. Yi amfani da vibrato daban-daban akan sautin da aka riƙe da saurin layi. Saxophonists na iya daidaita ƙofarsu ko saurin iska; masu busa ƙaho na iya wasa da matsayin harshe. Ko da ƙananan canje-canje na iya ƙayyade sautinku.
  • Sauke licks kuma daidaita su zuwa ga style: Zaɓi solo daga 'yan wasa da suka yi murya tare da kukamar Dexter Gordons babban, shakatawa phrasing ko Lester Youngs sanyi, floating Lines. Sauke wani chorus, amma sa'an nan kuma yi aiki a yi wasa da shi a wani daban-daban key, ko a wani daban-daban tempo, ko da wani daban-daban articulation. Wannan tsari internalizes da ƙamus yayin da tilasta ka ka yi shi naka.
  • Yi wasa yau da kullun ba tare da jadawalin ba: Ku ciyar da lokaci kuna wasa akan daidaitattun ci gaba ko vamps masu sauƙi. Bari kunnenku ya jagorance ku. Da zarar kun yi wasa ba tare da rubutaccen kiɗa ba, yawancin yanayin yanayin ku na yau da kullun da na sautin ku ya bayyana. Rubuta waɗannan zaman motsa jiki kuma ku saurara don gano abubuwan da kuke so da waɗanda kuke son canzawa.

Ka tuna, ka solo ne a cikin wani gajeren labari a cikin mafi girma tsari. nufin ga kalmomi da cewa suna da wani fili farkon, tsakiyar, da kuma karshen. Yi amfani da maimaitawa don gina tsanani, sa'an nan kuma rabu da for iri. Manufar shi ne sauti kamar ka babu wanda ya bukatar ya yi wasa da wannan sautin.

Ka Yi Koyi da Yadda Za Ka Inganta Waƙar Waƙoƙi

Ayyukan da suka dace suna shirya ka don bukatun wasan kwaikwayo. Big bands sukan yi wasa da sets tare da zane-zane da yawa, don haka gina jimiri da sassauci yana da mahimmanci kamar koyon sautunan kowane waƙa. Ga dabarun da za a haɗa su cikin al'ada:

  1. Kafin ka yi wasa, dole ne ka san abin da ke ciki da waje, da furci, da bayanan da aka ɗauka, da kuma tsarin gaba ɗaya. Ka kunna waƙar har sai ta zama ta halitta a kowane lokaci. Sa'an nan kuma, yi aiki don yin wasa akan ainihin canjin kirtani don kowane sashi, mai da hankali ga inda fom ɗin ya maimaita.
  2. FLT:0]]Yi amfani da waƙoƙin baya waɗanda aka tsara don babban rukuni:]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]
  3. Ka mai da hankali kan sassan solo a hankali: Ka karya kowane ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta solo. Idan tsari ya ba ka sanduna 16 na blues a F, yi aiki don gina layin da ya dace wanda ya fara daga sauƙi (sautin sauti) zuwa rikitarwa (canji mai ci gaba) a cikin tsarin solo. Yin aiki kawai a cikin ɓangaren solo ba tare da sauran jadawalin ba zai inganta ƙwarewarka na ƙirƙirar ra'ayoyi masu jituwa a cikin lokacin da aka ba ka damar.
  4. Gina jimiri ta hanyar yin wasa mai tsawo: [1] Babban wasan rawa na iya wucewa sa'o'i biyu zuwa uku tare da zane-zane da yawa. Saita lokaci kuma kunna ta hanyar wasu ƙa'idodi ko kayan asali ba tare da tsayawa ba. Yi aiki kan kula da ingantaccen goyon bayan numfashi, ingancin ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwa, da shakatawa. Gajiya sau da yawa tana bayyana a cikin babban rijista ko sakin rubutu.
  5. Rijistar kunnawa a kowane zaman: Yi amfani da waya ko mai rikodin sauti don kama aikinku. Saurari da kyau. Shin jimlolinku suna da kyau? Shin sautinku yana kulle tare da bugun jini? Shin kuna guje wa licks iri ɗaya? Wannan madauki na feedback shine hanya mafi sauri don ci gaba. Yi la'akari da yin rikodi tare da cikakken waƙar waƙa don ku ji yadda kuke haɗuwa da zane.

Abubuwan waje kamar Jagorar Jagora na Jazz Etiquette suna ba da ƙarin horo don yin wasa tare.

Ku Yi Aiki Tare Kuma Ku Yi Sadarwa

Jazz yana da haɗin kai, kuma manyan ƙungiyoyi suna haɓaka akan girmama juna. Solo ɗinku ba monologue bane yana cikin ɓangaren tattaunawa mafi girma. Sadarwa mai ƙarfi tare da abokan ƙungiyar ku yana sa dukkanin ƙungiyar ta zama mai ƙarfi da ƙarfi.

  • Ka halarci kowane gwaji tare da shiri: Ka san sassanka, gami da bayanan bayaninka yayin da wasu ke yin solo. Kasancewa a shirye yana ba wa shugaban ƙungiyar damar mai da hankali kan daidaitaccen daidaito maimakon koyar da rubutu. Idan kana da tambaya game da wani sashe, ka tambayi da wuri don kada kurakurai su zama halaye.
  • Kafin yin wasan kwaikwayon, bari sashin sautin ya san idan kuna shirin amfani da wani sautin ko jin kamar jin rabin lokaci ko magana sau biyu. Wannan yana taimaka wa drummer da bassist su yi tsammanin jagorancinku kuma su goyi bayan ku daidai. Hakanan, nemi shugabannin sashen don shawarwari kan magana ko matakai.
  • Yi sauraron ƙungiyar a bayan ku yayin da kuke solo. Idan mai buga drum ya sa a cikin wani babban abin hawa, layinku na iya yin aiki tare da ƙarin daidaitawa. Idan mai kunna piano ya laushi, zaku iya janyewa. Mafi kyawun masu haɓaka big band suna ci gaba da yin micro-gyare-gyare dangane da ƙarfin lokacin.

Girmamawa da aiki tare suna haifar da yanayi mai goyan baya inda kerawa ke bunƙasa. Idan ka amince da mutanen da ke kewaye da kai, zai zama da sauƙi ka ɗauki haɗari kuma ka bincika sababbin ra'ayoyi yayin da kake waƙar solo. Sakamakon shi ne kiɗa wanda ke jin rai da kuma haɗi.

Ka Saurari Kuma Ka Koya Daga Maigida

Sauraron sauraro ne tushen ci gaba da haɓaka haɓaka. Tarihin big band yana da wadataccen labari wanda ya tsara yaren. Yi amfani da shi don nazarin aƙalla sabon solo ko tsari a kowane mako. Mai da hankali kan bangarori daban-daban a kowane lokaci: mako, zaɓin rubutu; wani, jimlar jimla; na gaba, yadda suke hulɗa da ƙungiyar.

Muhimman bayanan da za a bincika sun haɗa da:

  • FLT:0 Count Basie Orchestra tare da solos na Lester Young da Illinois Jacquet wani babban rukuni a cikin swing, tattalin arziki, da kuma blues inflection.
  • Duke Ellington Orchestra tare da Paul Gonsalves da Johnny Hodges tonalities mai kyau da lyrical, murya-kamar phrasing.
  • Thad Jones / Mel Lewis Orchestra (FLT: 1) tsari mai rikitarwa tare da harshe na zamani na zamani da kuma ingantaccen saiti daga masu saxo kamar Joe Farrell da trumpeter Thad Jones kansa.
  • FLT:0 Buddy Rich Big Band manyan sigogi masu ƙarfi inda masu wasan solo ke kewayawa cikin sauri da ƙarfi.

Sauraro tare da niyyar koyo yana canza jin daɗin aiki zuwa nazari mai aiki. Za ku shawo kan magana, jin lokaci, da yadda mawaƙa ke gina ƙaruwar a cikin ƙirar mafi girma. Don tsarin tsarin rubutu, la'akari da jagorar Smithsonian Jazz don fassarar solo.

Yadda Za Ka Yi Amfani da Fom ɗin Big Band

Yawancin zane-zane masu yawa suna bin siffofin misali: AABA (kamar canje-canje a sautin), 12-bar blues, ko sassan daidaitawa. Sanin waɗannan siffofin sanyi zai ƙarfafa amincewarka yayin wasan solo.

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  • Aikin da aka yi a cikin wannan hanyar shi ne yin amfani da shi don ƙara ƙarfin lantarki da kuma komawa zuwa sashe na A tare da saki. Yi aiki da kunna waƙa ta hanyar gada tare da sautunan jagora kawai kafin ƙara kayan ado.
  • Wasu zane-zane na zamani na manyan rukuni suna da siffofin da ba su maimaitawa. A cikin waɗannan, solo ɗinku dole ne su bi labarin tsari. Kusa da irin waɗannan sassan yana buƙatar nazarin rubutun da amfani da shi azaman farawa. Yi la'akari da zane "Maiden Voyage" ko "Pee Wee" a matsayin misalai inda mai raɗaɗin kai tsaye ke hulɗa kai tsaye tare da cibiyoyin sautin da ke motsawa.

Tunani na Ƙarshe

Jazz improvisation a cikin wani babban band saitin ne mai musamman cakuda na mutum magana da kuma hadin gwiwa alhakin. Success zo a lokacin da ka hada m fasaha da zurfin sauraro da kuma yarda ya bauta wa music. By fahimtar da tsari, refining your rhythm, mastering jituwa, da kuma sadarwa tare da your bandmates, za ka ci gaba da amincewa da bayar da solos cewa fita ba tare da katsewa da ensemble gudana.

Ci gaba da bincika babban ɗakin karatu na rikodin big bandna gargajiya da na zamani. Ci gaba da rubuta, yin aiki, da wasa tare da wasu. Tafiyar ku a cikin big band jazz improvisation ba manufa bane amma tattaunawa ce mai canzawa, wanda zai ci gaba da zurfafa ƙwarewar ku ta hanyar haɗa ku da al'ada mai wadata. rungumi ƙalubalen, kuma kowane atisaye da wasan kwaikwayon zai zama sabon damar koyo da kirkira.