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Ingantawa a kan canje-canje masu rikitarwa na kide-kide yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun kuma ƙalubale al'amurran jazz da sauran salon kiɗa na haɓaka. Masanin wannan ƙwarewar ba kawai yana haɓaka maganganun kiɗa ba amma kuma yana zurfafa fahimtar ku game da jituwa da waƙa. Ko kun kasance mai farawa ko mai kunnawa mai ƙwarewa, haɓaka ingantattun dabarun haɓaka na iya taimaka muku kewaya cikin ci gaba mai rikitarwa tare da amincewa da kerawa. A cikin wannan fadada jagorar, za mu zurfafa cikin takamaiman dabaru, misalai na duniyar gaske, da kuma hanyoyin da za su canza yadda kuke kusanci da ƙalubalen yanayin jituwa.

Fahimtar Canje-canje Masu Maɗaukaki

Sauye-sauyen da aka yi a cikin sauti na yau da kullum suna ƙunshe da saurin daidaitawa, tsawo mai tsawo, canzawa, ko ci gaba da ba na diatonic wanda ya wuce manyan da ƙananan sauti. Waɗannan canje-canjen suna buƙatar tushe mai ƙarfi na ka'idar da kuma daidaitaccen tsarin haɓaka. Kafin shiga cikin fasahar solo, yana da mahimmanci a bincika ci gaban sauti sosai:

  • Gane cibiyoyin maɓalli: Bincika kowane daidaitawa ko sautin wucin gadi. Misali, ci gaba kamar Dm7ماسين G7ماسين Cmaj7kunan Fmaj7 na iya canzawa daga C mai girma zuwa F mai girma na wucin gadi.
  • Gane halaye na kide-kide: babban, ƙarami, mai rinjaye, raguwa, haɓaka, ko canzawa. Sanin ainihin ingancin yana taimaka muku zaɓi madaidaicin sikelin.
  • Fahimtar aikin kirtani: Tonic, subdominant, mai rinjaye, da kuma wucewa kirtani.
  • Lura da tsawo da canje-canje: 9th, 11th, 13th, b9, #9, b5, #5, da dai sauransu. Wadannan launuka sune launi don bayyana.

Da zarar ka sami taswirar sararin samaniya mai kyau, za ka iya fara gina tsarinka na yin wasa a kusa da shi. Wani motsa jiki mai amfani shi ne rubuta ci gaban sauti da kuma lakabi da aikin kowane sauti, cibiyar mahimmanci, da kuma tashin hankali. Wannan mataki na nazari yana sa dabarun da suka biyo baya su zama masu tasiri sosai.

Ƙarin Ƙwarewar da Za a Yi Nazarin

Ka san kanka da fasali na gargajiya na zamani daga jazz da kuma zane-zane na zamani:

  • Canjin Coltrane (Matakai na Giant): (FLT: 1) Saurin sauyawa tsakanin cibiyoyin maɓalli guda uku (B, G, Eb). Yana buƙatar tunani mai sauri da daidaitaccen sautin sauti.
  • FLT:0]]Rhythm Changes (Bridge): gada na I Got Rhythm yana da sake zagayowar madaidaicin kords (D7ماسين G7C7ماسين F7) da ke buƙatar canje-canje a cikin sikelin da kuma jagorancin murya.
  • Jazz na zamani tare da Sauyawa na Sauyawa (Maiden Voyage): Sauran sauka da kuma kwata-kwata suna kiran zaɓuɓɓukan modal kamar Dorian da Lydian.
  • Blues tare da Masu Gudanar da Canji (Blues for Alice): Parker blues yana amfani da maye gurbin ii-V da masu rinjaye masu canji, manufa don yin amfani da hanyoyin chromatic.

Yin nazarin waɗannan ci gaba zai sa ka fuskanci ƙalubale da kuma hanyoyin magance su.

Dabara ta 1: Ka Yi Amfani da Sautin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin

Sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sa

  1. A cikin wannan yanayin, an tsara sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin
  2. Yayyana sautunan kirtani tare da sautunan wucewa ko ƙuƙwalwa: Createirƙiri da sakinwa a kusa da waɗannan bayanan ƙuƙwalwar. Ƙuƙwalwar gargajiya tana kusanci da bayanin kula daga rabin mataki sama da ƙasa (misali, don C a Cmaj7, kunna Db sannan B kafin sauka a C).
  3. Aikin arpeggios: Ku saba da tsarin sautin sauti don duk nau'ikan sauti, gami da canzawa da tsawo. Don Cmaj7#11, arpeggio zai zama C-E-G-B-F# (#11 ya maye gurbin na halitta 11).

Gina solo a kusa da sautin sauti yana ba da kwaskwarima da ma'anar tsabta da daidaituwa, har ma a kan mafi yawan matakan da suka fi rikitarwa. Don yin wannan, yi aiki da wasa kawai sautin sauti a kan sautin 1 da 3 yayin da kake amfani da sautin wucewa a kan sautin 2 da 4.

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Da zarar kun kasance da kwanciyar hankali tare da sautunan sauti na asali, gwada sanya arpeggios daga sauran sautunan sama da ci gaba. Misali, a kan wani G7 chord, zaku iya kunna F# rage arpeggio (F#-A-C-Eb) don tsara canje-canjen tashin hankali (b9, #9, #11, b13). Wannan yana ƙara launi ba zato ba tsammani yayin da har yanzu yana nufin jituwa. Hakazalika, a kan Cmaj7, gwada Em arpeggio (ƙananan ƙananan) don maye gurbin mai laushi.

Dabara ta 2: Ka Yi Amfani da Yanayin da Za Ka Yi

Zaɓin madaidaicin sikelin ko yanayin da za a yi wasa a kan kowane layi yana da mahimmanci don kewaya canje-canje masu rikitarwa. Ga wasu hanyoyin da aka saba amfani da su tare da yanayin da aka faɗaɗa:

  • Babban da ƙananan Scale: FLT:1 Yi amfani da Ionian (babban sikelin) don manyan 7 chords; Dorian don ƙananan 7 chords; Aeolian don ƙananan 7b6 ko ƙananan yanayin yanayi; Mixolydian don rinjaye 7 chords.
  • Don madaidaicin kords tare da canje-canje, madaidaicin sikelin (super-Locrian) yana aiki da kyau. Wannan sikelin shine yanayin 7 na ƙaramin waƙa kuma ya haɗa da duk canje-canje: b9, #9, b5 (#11), #5 (b13). A kan G7 da aka canza, yi amfani da G canza sikelin (G-Ab-Bb-B-C#-Eb-F).
  • Lydian Mode: FLT:1 Mai kyau ga manyan kords tare da tsawo 11 tsawo. Lydian shine yanayin 4 na babban sikelin; C Lydian (C-D-E-F#-G-A-B) yana ba da sauti mai gudana, buɗewa.
  • Rage Scale: FLT:1 Yana da amfani a kan raguwar kirtani da kuma rinjaye raguwar kirtani (misali, G7b9).
  • FLT:0]]Total Tone Scale: Yana da tasiri a kan ƙarin sauti ko madaidaicin sauti tare da canji na #5.
  • FlT:0 Phrygian da Locrian: FlT: 1 Don ƙananan kords tare da m7b9 ko jin susb9 (misali, canzawar ii), yanayin Phrygian ko Locrian suna ƙara launi mai duhu. Yi amfani da waɗannan a hankali don kauce wa oversaturating.

Yin gwaji da zaɓuɓɓukan sikelin da suka bambanta zai taimake ka ka ƙara launi da kuma tashin hankali da ya dace da kowane layi, kuma a lokaci guda ya shirya ka don sauyawa mai sauƙi tsakanin layi.

Aikace-aikacen Aiki: ii-V-I tare da Masu Gudanar da Canji

Yi la'akari da wani nau'i na II-V-I a cikin C mai girma: Dm7majG7Cmaj7. A kan D7, yi amfani da D Dorian (D-E-F-G-A-B-C). A kan G7, gwada G canza sikelin (G-Ab-Bb-B-C#-Eb-F). A kan Cmaj7, yi amfani da C Lydian (C-D-E-F#-G-A-B) don sauti mai haske. Yi amfani da haɗa waɗannan sikelin ta hanyar gano sautunan gama gari tsakanin su: bayanin kula C ya bayyana a duka Dm7 (Dorian) da C7 (Lydian), yana aiki a matsayin gada.

Dabara ta 3: Ka haɗa da Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin

Jagoran murya shine motsi mai sauƙi na bayanan mutum daga wani kirtani zuwa na gaba. Jagoran murya mai tasiri na iya sa aikin saurin kai ya zama mai sauti da haɗin kai duk da canje-canje masu rikitarwa. Ga wasu nasihu tare da misalai na musamman:

  1. A cikin wani ii-V-I, Dm7 da G7 ba su da sautin kowa, amma G7 da Cmaj7 suna da B (na uku na G7 da na bakwai na Cmaj7).
  2. Lokacin da babu sautin sauti na kowa, motsa sautin sauti ta hanyar rabin ko duka matakai don ƙirƙirar sauye-sauye masu santsi. Don Dm7 zuwa G7, F (na uku na Dm7) yana motsawa ƙasa da rabin mataki zuwa E (na bakwai na G7). Yi amfani da wannan haɗin.
  3. Yi amfani da hanyoyin chromatic: Sautunan wucewa na chromatic na iya haɗa sautunan chord a cikin madaidaicin hanya. Kafin sauka akan sautin chord na manufa, saka maƙwabcin chromatic daga sama ko ƙasa.
  4. Aikin motsa jiki na murya: Play arpeggios na maƙwabta da ke haɗa sautunan da suka fi kusa. Alal misali, a kan Dm7-G7-Cmaj7, kunna F-E-E (Dm7 na uku zuwa G7 na bakwai zuwa Cmaj7 na uku) da sauran layin.

Haɗa murya mai kaiwa cikin solo ɗinku yana taimaka wa masu sauraro su bi ci gaban jituwa a hankali, yana sa aikin haɓaka ku sauti mai ma'ana da ma'ana.

Ƙarfafa Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar Ƙa'idar

Sautin wucewa na chromatic da bayanin kula na kusanci suna da mahimmanci don jagorancin murya mai santsi. Misali, haɗa G7 zuwa Cmaj7: daga tushen G7 (G) zaka iya hawa chromatically G-G#-A (A shine na uku na Fmaj7? A'a, Cmaj7 na uku shine E). Misali mafi kyau: daga G7 na biyar (D) zuwa tushen Cmaj7 (C) yi amfani da D-Db-C. Ko daga G7 na uku (B) zuwa Cmaj7 na biyar (G) yi amfani da B-C-C#-D-Eb-E-F#-G. Gwada tare da ƙuƙwalwar chromatic a kusa da kowane bayanin kula don ƙara tashin hankali.

Dabara ta 4: Ka Yi Amfani da Ƙwarewar Ƙwarewa

Ƙirƙirar da haɓaka jigogiShort, tunawa da ra'ayoyin kiɗana iya taimakawa wajen samar da tsari a cikin mawuyacin mahallin jituwa. Ci gaban motsa jiki ya ƙunshi maimaitawa, bambance-bambance, da kuma canza ƙaramin ra'ayi na waƙa a cikin solo. Ga hanyar mataki-mataki:

  • Fara ƙarami: Fara da tsari mai sauƙi ko tsari na lokaci. Misali, siffar saukowa mai sawu uku (misali, G-F-E) a kan kwado biyu na farko.
  • A cikin wannan yanayin, za a iya canza yanayin da aka tsara don yin amfani da shi.
  • Sauya motsi sama ko ƙasa a cikin daidaitattun lokaci don bin canje-canjen kirtani. A kan jerin masu rinjaye, biye da motsi ta cikakkun huɗu.
  • Girman tashin hankali da saki: Yi amfani da abin da ya sa ya gina ƙarfin ta hanyar ƙara yawan sautin rhythmic ko faɗaɗa tazarar, sannan ka daidaita zuwa mafi sauƙi a kan tonic.
  • Haɗa tare da jagoran murya: Tabbatar cewa bayanan da aka yi niyya sun daidaita da sautunan kirtani ko sautunan sikelin don tsabtace jituwa.

Wannan hanyar tana kiyaye haɓakar ku mai haɗaka da haɗaka, koda lokacin da kirtani ke canzawa cikin sauri. Saurari John Coltrane Giant Steps solo: yana amfani da motsi mai sautin sauti (ƙirar hawa ta huɗu) kuma yana ɗaukar shi a hankali ta hanyar dukkan cibiyoyin maɓalli.

Misali: Dalilin da ke kan Bridge Rhythm Changes Bridge

Ɗauki gadar I Got Rhythm (D7ẽnG7ẽnC7ẽnF7). Ƙirƙiri gajeren motsi: don D7, yi wasa da raguwa arpeggio D-A-F#-D. Don G7, bi da bi daidai da tsari farawa a G: G-D-B-G. Don C7, fara a C: C-G-E-C. Don F7, fara a F: F-C-A-F. Wannan tsari mai sauƙi ya haɗa da haruffa huɗu tare, kuma mai sauraro yana jin tsari mai tsabta. Sa'an nan kuma canza sautin a kowane ƙara maimaitawasyncopate ko tripletsdon ci gaba da sha'awa.

Dabara ta 5: Ka Yi Koyi da Wasanni da Rubutun da Aka Sace

Yin aiki da kyau yana da muhimmanci don sanin yadda ake yin amfani da kayan aiki mai kyau a kan canje-canje masu rikitarwa.

  • Play-tare da waƙoƙi: Yi amfani da rikodi ko aikace-aikace kamar iReal Pro, Aebersolds Essential Jazz Etudes, ko YouTube baya waƙoƙi. Saita saurin jinkiri da kuma ƙara hankali.
  • Saukewa a hankali: Yi amfani da software (Transcribe!, Amazing Slow Downer) don nazarin solo daga masanan da ke kewayawa cikin ci gaba mai rikitarwa. Sauke jimloli da gano zaɓin sautin.
  • FLT:0]]Transcribe complete solos: Yi nazarin zaɓin sautin da kuma furcin manyan masu haɓaka don haɓaka dabarun inganci. Fara da gajerun, mafi sauƙi solos (misali, Miles Davis akan So What) sannan ka matsa zuwa mafi rikitarwa (Coltrane, Joe Henderson).
  • FLT:0]]Loop sassan da suka yi wuya: Ka mai da hankali kan motsa jiki a kan sassan da suka fi ƙalubale na ci gaban kirtani, ka maimaita madauki na 4-bar har sai yatsun hannu da layin sun zama na atomatik.
  • Ayyukan jagora: Yi amfani da ma'auni mai sauƙi ko tsarin arpeggio kuma yi aiki da shi zuwa ci gaba mai rikitarwa, daidaita bayanan kamar yadda ake buƙata don dacewa da kowane layi.

Haɗa waɗannan hanyoyin a cikin aikinka na yau da kullun zai haɓaka ƙwarewarka da amincewarka a tsawon lokaci.

Ƙarin Nasihu don Nasara

  • FLT:0]]Ka kasance mai ban sha'awa a cikin sautin: Yi amfani da haɗin kai, hutawa, da tsawon sautin daban-daban don kiyaye sautinka mai ƙarfi. Ko da zaɓin sautin mai sauƙi yana da kyau tare da sautin da ke da ban sha'awa.
  • Saurari da kyau: Ka mai da hankali ga ƙungiyar da mahallin jituwa yayin da kake yin wasa. Gyara layinka a ainihin lokacin dangane da abin da bassist da pianist ke wasa.
  • Yi haƙuri: FLT:1]] canje-canje masu rikitarwa suna ɗaukar lokaci don sarrafawa; mai da hankali kan ƙananan sassan da kuma faɗaɗa sannu a hankali. Yi bikin ƙananan abubuwan da suka faru, kamar ƙulla layin ii-V-I guda ɗaya.
  • Gwada ba tare da tsoro ba: Gwada sababbin sikelin, tazara, da ra'ayoyin waƙa ba tare da tsoron kuskure ba. Rubuta kanka kuma ka kimanta daga baya; sau da yawa haɗari masu farin ciki suna haifar da ci gaba.
  • Yi amfani da koyarwar kunne: Ci gaba da iyawar ku na jin halaye da ci gaban kwari. Yi aiki da ganewar sautin da aka canza da kuma tashin hankali ta kunne.

Ta hanyar haɗuwa da waɗannan dabarun, zaku iya haɓaka muryar haɓaka ta sirri wanda ke haskakawa har ma da canje-canje masu rikitarwa. Don ƙarin karatu, bincika littafin Charlie Parker Omnibook don misalai na gargajiya na sautin sautin sautin da amfani da sikelin akan canje-canje, da kuma labarin Jagoran Jazz akan canje-canje masu rikitarwa don ƙarin haske.

Ƙarshen

Ingantawa akan canje-canje masu rikitarwa na sauti ƙwarewa ce mai yawa wacce ke buƙatar ilimin ka'ida, horar da kunne, da aikace-aikacen kirkira. Ta hanyar ƙarfafa solo ɗinku a cikin sautin sauti, zaɓar sikelin da ya dace, amfani da jagorancin murya, haɓaka jigogi, da kuma yin aiki tuƙuru, zaku iya kewaya cikin ƙalubalen ci gaba tare da sauƙi da ƙwarewa. rungumi rikitarwa a matsayin dama don haɓaka da bayyanawa, kuma haɓaka ku zai zama mai jan hankali da ƙwarewa. Fara da ci gaba ɗaya, yi amfani da waɗannan dabarun, kuma a hankali fadada kundin waƙar ku. Tare da ƙoƙari mai ɗorewa, zaku juya rikitarwa ta jigo zuwa filin wasa don ra'ayoyin kiɗa.