Gabatarwa

Jazz improvisation na buƙatar haɗuwa mai ban mamaki na fasaha, fahimtar jituwa, ƙwarewar rhythmic, da kuma gaskiya ta motsin rai. Ko da masu kunnawa masu gogaggen zasu iya fada cikin halaye waɗanda ke hana kerawa da iyakance ci gaban kiɗa. Ta hanyar ganowa da gyara waɗannan tarkon da aka saba, zaku iya hanzarta ci gaba da kuma kera solo waɗanda suke da ƙarfi da zurfin magana. A ƙasa akwai kurakurai takwas na yau da kullun da yadda za a guje musu. Kowane sashe ya haɗa da motsa jiki masu aiki, nassoshi ga manyan mawaƙa, da hanyoyin haɗi zuwa zurfin albarkatu.

1. Yawan dogara ga sikelin da kuma samfurori da aka riga aka yi

Scales suna ba da albarkatun ƙasa don yin wasa, amma bi da su azaman jerin rajista yana ba da layin robotic, masu tsinkaye. Dalibai da yawa suna haddace zane bakwai don kowane layi sannan su haɗa su tare ba tare da niyyar waƙa ba. Sakamakon shine solo wanda ke kama da karatun, ba labari ba. Wannan dogaro da matukin jirgi na atomatik yana hana ku yin aiki da lokacin.

Abin da za a yi maimakon: Yi amfani da sikeli a matsayin mai tunani na FLT: 3, ba rubutun ba. Ka mai da hankali kan wasa abin da kake ji, ba abin da yatsanka suka sani ba. Yi aiki don ƙirƙirar waƙoƙi daga 'yan sautunan kaɗan kawai ka iyakance kanka zuwa sautunan uku ko huɗu a kowace layi kuma bincika kowane haɗuwa mai yiwuwa na rhythmic da tazara. Yi nazarin yadda masanan kamar Charlie Parker ko Sonny Rollins suka gina duka solo daga wata maƙalli. Yi kwafin sanduna biyu na solo Bird kuma bincika yadda yake yin wannan ƙaramin ra'ayin ta hanyar canje-canje.

Wani motsa jiki mai tasiri: yi wasa a kan wani madaidaicin sauti (kamar D-7 da aka riƙe don sanduna takwas) ta amfani da tushen, na uku, na biyar, da na bakwai kawai. Babu sautunan wucewa, babu bayanan rubutu na chromatic. Wannan yana tilasta muku yin tunani cikin sauti maimakon layi. A tsawon lokaci, sake gabatar da sautin daya ko biyu, koyaushe tare da burin ƙirƙirar madaidaiciyar madaidaiciya maimakon cika sarari.

Tashar waje: Ci gaban Motsi a Nazarin Ka'idodin Jazz yana ba da horo na yau da kullun don karya halayen sikelin.

2. Ka Yi watsi da Yarjejeniyar da ke Ƙarƙashin Hannunka

Improvisation wanda ya yi watsi da canje-canjen makamai ba shi da ma'ana. Kowane makamai a cikin ci gaba yana nuna tarin sautunan manufa na 3rd, 7th, da duk wani tashin hankali. Lokacin da kake wasa G7 ba tare da tunanin ƙarancin C ba, layinka ya rasa shugabanci. Yawancin 'yan wasa sun san makamai a ka'idar amma sun manta su ji FLT:1 ci gaba yayin da suke yin solo.

Matakai na gyara:

  • Taswirar sautunan jagora: Don kowane layi, gano na 3 da 7. Yi wasa da su azaman rabin sautunan don jin yadda suke jan hankali zuwa layi na gaba.
  • Yi amfani da arpeggios a tsaye: kafin yin wasa, gudu ta hanyar sautin sauti a cikin juyawa daban-daban. Ƙara bayanin kula ko ƙuƙwalwa don sa arpeggios suyi sauti. Alal misali, a kan wani C-7 chord, kunna arpeggio (CEGB) sannan ku kusanci E daga ƙasa tare da D na halitta.
  • Yi amfani da motsa jiki na taken taken: Zaɓi sautin sauti ɗaya (misali, na 3 na II) kuma ka yi niyya a kan sautin sautin mataki na gaba. Wannan nan take yana ɗaure layinka cikin jituwa. faɗaɗa zuwa sautin maki biyu a kowace ci gaba.
  • Ka raira waƙa da layin bass: yayin da kake yin wasa, ka raira waƙa da hankali a cikin motsi na tushen ci gaban kirtani. Wannan yana haɗa kunnenka da tushe mai jituwa kuma yana hana ka daga motsawa cikin bazuwar scalar runs.

Fahimtar jituwa kuma yana nufin jin layin bass da motsin sautin jagora. Ku ciyar da minti goma sha biyar a kowane zaman horo yana wasa da muryoyi marasa tushe yayin raira sautin jagora. Wannan yana horar da kunnen ku don jin ci gaba. Babban kayan aiki don nazarin jituwa shine ɗakin karatu na Jazz Piano Site.

3. Yin wasa da yawa

Nono-da yawa ne sananne tarko. Mai son yin sha'awa, 'yan wasa suna cika kowane bugun da aka yi da sautin goma sha shida. Amma ƙarancin ƙarfi ba tare da motsi ba ya zama amo. Manyan sun san cewa shirua hutawa mai kyauyana haifar da tashin hankali da saki. Miles Davis ya gina duka harshe akan tattalin arziki, kuma solo a kan So What da Freddie Freeloader sune manyan darussan yin magana da yawa tare da ƙasa.

Yadda za a yi amfani da sararin samaniya:

  • Saita metronome a cikin wani matsakaici tempo da kuma improvise biyu-matakai phrases bi da bi biyu matakan shiru. sannu a hankali rage shiru zuwa daya mataki, sa'an nan kuma daya beat, amma ko da yaushe ji sauran. Wannan gina your ciki agogon for phrasing.
  • Sauke waƙar waƙa daga Miles Davis solo (misali, waƙar farko ta So What). Lissafi yawan sautin da ya buga a kowane bar idan aka kwatanta da yawan sautin shiru. Ka lura da yadda kowane sautin ya sami nauyi. Sa'an nan kuma ka yi koyi da wannan saitin rhythmic.
  • Yi aiki kira da amsa tare da waƙa ta baya: kunna gajeren magana, sannan amsa tare da magana daban-daban. Wannan yana tilasta maka ka yi tunani a cikin kalmomi, ba a cikin rafi ba. Rubuta kanka kuma ka duba idan kalmominka suna da farkon da ƙarshen bayyanannu.
  • Ka yi amfani da matakai masu ƙarfi: ka yi wasa da murya ɗaya da ƙarfi sosai, ka kuma yi ta yi wa murya a kan jimlar da ta biyo baya.

Ka tuna: bayanin kula da ba ka yi wasa ba yana da mahimmanci kamar wanda kake yi. Bari kunnen mai sauraro ya cika sararin samaniya. Babban motsa jiki shine yin wasa a kan wani blues ta amfani da dukan bayanin kula da rabin bayanin kula kawai. za ku yi mamakin yadda za ku iya haifar da tashin hankali.

4. Rashin Kula da Tsarin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙ

Jazz wani fasaha ne mai ladabi. Za ka iya buga kowane right sautin kuma har yanzu kana jin tsauri idan lokacinka ya raunana. Yawancin 'yan wasa suna yin sikeli da makamai yayin da suke watsi da ji musamman ma rabuwa da ke cikin juyawa bisa ga triplate ko kuma saitin baya na ballad. Bambanci tsakanin babban solo da matsakaici sau da yawa ya zo ne zuwa saitin rhythmic.

Inganta lokacinka:

  • Yi aiki tare da na'urar buga drum ko kuma waƙa mai inganci (iReal Pro, Aebersold). Ka mai da hankali ga kulle cikin tsarin motsa jiki da kuma halayen hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan hawan
  • Saita metronome zuwa 2 da 4 kawai. Wannan yana kwaikwayon ƙuƙwalwar baya kuma yana tilasta bugun ciki na ciki ya zama daidaitacce. Inganta layuka masu sauƙi yayin da yake kasancewa cikakke a cikin ƙuƙwalwar baya.
  • Ka yi nazarin aikin sashin sautin: saurari yadda mawaƙa da mawaƙa suke yin aiki tare da syncopation da yadda mawaƙa bass suke tafiya. Ka sace sautin su kuma ka yi amfani da su a kan layin ka na sautinka. Alal misali, ka ɗauki wani tsari na bass na tafiya kuma ka buga shi a kan ƙaho a matsayin dalili na sautin.
  • Ka rubuta gajeren waƙa daga mawaƙa ko masu ƙaho kuma ka buga su a kan kayan aikinka ba tare da ka damu da sautin ba.
  • Yi aiki swing takwas da notes tare da wani metronome danna kan kowane beat. raba da beat a cikin dogon-gajeren triplete pattern. rikodin kanka da kuma duba idan ka takwas da notes zahiri swing.

Don zurfin nutsewa cikin jin daɗin motsawa, duba Jagorar JazzAdvice zuwa sautin . Yana karya wurin saitin sautin takwas da kuma manufar laying baya.

5. Yin koyi da Sauraronka Ba tare da Ka Yi Murya ba

Saukewa yana da mahimmanci, amma yawancin 'yan wasa sun daina yin koyi. Suna kwafin licks a zahiri kuma ba sa haɗa su cikin wani abu na asali. Manufar ba ita ce sauti kamar jaruman ku don koya daga gare su sannan ku yi magana da yaren kiɗa na kanku. An gina al'adun jazz akan tushen karɓar bashi da canzawa, ba kwafin ba.

Matakai don nemo muryarka:

  • Sauke gajeren magana daga 'yan wasa uku daban-daban (misali, Clifford Brown, Chet Baker, da Freddie Hubbard). Koyi kowane ɗayan maki goma sha biyu. Sa'an nan kuma haɗa abubuwa: ɗauki kalmomin Clifford, kalmomin Chet, da tsarin jituwa na Freddie. Rubuta sabon magana wanda ya haɗu da duka uku.
  • Rubuta waƙoƙi na asali a kan canje-canjen daidaitattun sauti. Rubuta jimloli huɗu-bar waɗanda suke kama da wani abu da za ku raira. Rubuta su kuma yi gyare-gyare.
  • Gwada tare da tazarar da ba ta saba ba, ƙungiyoyin rhythmic, ko canje-canje a sikelin. Bari kurakurai su zama abubuwan da aka ganowani lokacin bayanin ba daidai ba ya zama sa hannu. Alal misali, gwada maye gurbin 5 na wani kirtani da b5 a kai a kai; za ka iya samar da sauti na musamman.
  • Ka yi wasa ba tare da tarho ba: ka yi wa kanka wasa a kan wani misali da ka sani sosai, amma ka hana kanka yin amfani da kowane irin la'anta da ka riga ka koya. Ka tilasta kanka ka yi tunani a kan lokacin. Ka rubuta waɗannan zaman kuma ka saurari tsarin da ke naka.
  • Ka rera waƙar ka kafin ka yi ta. Idan ka iya rerawa, kai ne kake da ita. Wannan yana ƙetare ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa kuma yana haɗuwa kai tsaye da kunnenka na ciki.

Muryarka za ta fito fili a lokacin da ka daina ƙoƙarin zama wani kuma ka fara sauraron kunnenka na ciki. Kamar yadda saxophonist Joe Henderson ya ce, Da zarar ka saurari kanka, za ka gano ko kai wane ne.

6. Rashin Sauraron Ƙungiya

Improvisation tattaunawa ce, ba monologue ba. Yawancin mawaƙa suna ɓacewa cikin zaɓin sautin kansu kuma sun manta da yin aiki da ƙarfin ɓangaren sautin, zaɓin sautin bassist, ko ƙwararrun pianist. Wannan yana haifar da wasan kwaikwayon da ke jin kamar keɓewar solo da aka makale tare. Mafi kyawun jazz yana kama da tattaunawa inda kowa ke sauraro da amsawa.

]Ka yi aiki mai kyau: ]

  • Ka yi wasa da biyu tare da mai rakiyar guda ɗaya (bass, guitar, ko piano). Ka mai da hankali ga daidaita matakin motsin zuciyar su, numfashi tare da furcin su, da amsawa ga alamun sautin su.
  • A lokacin da kake yin gwaji na rukuni, ka yi ƙoƙari ka buga rabin sautin da za ka yi amfani da ƙarin bandwidth na tunani don ka ji abin da kowa yake yi.
  • Ka rubuta waƙar da kake yi da kanka kuma ka saurara. Ka lura da lokutan da ka yi amfani da sautin da wani mai buga ƙwallon ƙafa ya yi ko kuma ka yi amfani da wani ɗan piano ya yi amfani da sautin da kake yi. Ka lura da inda ka yi watsi da su. Ka yi la'akari da lokacin da za ka yi waƙar kuma ka bincika abin da za ka iya yi a wata hanya dabam.
  • Ka yi motsawa ta jiki: ka yi kuka, ka taɓa ƙafafunka, ko kuma ka yi ta motsawa a lokacin da kake ji.
  • Ka yi amfani da wannan aikin don ka yi magana da wani mai buga ƙaho ko kuma wani mai kunna ƙaho.

Babban jazz yana da tattaunawa. Mafi kyawun solo suna kama da ƙungiyar abokai suna ba da labari, ba mutum ɗaya ba yana ba da lacca. Lokaci na gaba da kuka yi wasa, ku yi niyyar sauraron kamar yadda kuke wasa.

7. Ba a saka hannun jari sosai a koyar da kunnuwa

Koyar da kunne shine ɓoyayyen injin ingantaccen sauti. Idan ba za ku iya jin ƙaramin ɓangare na uku ko gano ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙaran

Wasu atisayen kunne don masu saurin karawa:

  • FLT:0]]An yi amfani da sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin sautin
  • Kayan aiki na sauti: Play ko sauraron daban-daban bakwai da sauti (babba 7, karami 7, rinjaye 7, rage, rabin rage) da kuma suna su a cikin uku seconds.
  • FLT:0]]Sauƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙaƙa
  • ]Koyi ka raira waƙa da layin bass na waƙa yayin da kake yin waƙa. ] Wannan yana haɗa kunnenka da tushe na jituwa kuma yana horar da kai don jin ci gaba gaba gaba ɗaya.
  • Yi amfani da zaman wasa na kunne: Zaɓi misali wanda baku taɓa kunnawa ba kuma kuyi ƙoƙarin yin wasa a kai ba tare da kallon takardar jagora ba. Saurari canje-canje kuma ku amince da kunnen ku don nemo sautin da ya dace. Zai zama rikice a farkon, amma yana hanzarta haɗin sauraron ku.

Babban albarkatu kyauta shine Theoria's koyar da kunne motsa jiki suna rufe tazara, kwararru, da ci gaba tare da matsala mai daidaitawa. Hakanan bincika musictheory.net's koyar da kunne don aikin tsari.

8. Rashin Kula da Jazz (Tsarin)

Ƙa'idodin jazz ba tarin waƙoƙi ba nesuna da harshen da al'umma ke raba. Masu kunnawa da suka yi watsi da ƙa'idodin koyo suna rasa ƙamus mai jituwa, siffofi, da kuma yanayin al'adu da ke bayyana nau'in. Ko da idan ka fara rubuta kiɗa na asali, dole ne ka ƙulla ƙa'idodin don sadarwa tare da sauran mawaƙa. Littafin gaskiya shine farkon farawa, ba ƙwanƙwasa ba.

Gina ka ka'idojin aiki:

  • Ka koyi yadda ake canja sautin da kuma sautin da ake kira aƙalla sau biyu a mako. Ka yi amfani da littafin karya (na ainihi), amma ka bincika abin da ya canja ta wurin sauraronka ko kuma ta wurin yin amfani da wani abu da aka rubuta. Ka lura da inda abin da aka rubuta ya bambanta da yadda aka rubuta.
  • Ka tuna da irin wannan nau'in, ka fahimci inda gada take daidaitawa da kuma yadda waƙa take sauka a kan takamaiman sautin da kake rerawa. Ka rera wannan nau'in a kanka yayin da kake waƙa.
  • Ka yi amfani da sautin da ka yi a lokacin da kake yin wa'azi, ka yi wasa da sautin, ka yi wa'azi a kai a kai, ka yi wa'azi a kai a kai, ka yi wa'azi a kai a kai, kuma ka yi wa'azi a kai a kai.
  • Koyi kalmomin (idan misali yana da su). Sanin kalmomin yana sanar da furcinka da ƙarfinka. Raira kalmomin yayin kunna waƙaWannan yana haifar da furcin halitta wanda ke kwaikwayon muryar mutum.
  • Ka rubuta wani rubutu da ka zaɓa (da ya fi dacewa wani mai koyarwa) kuma ka lura da yadda mai waƙa yake amfani da wannan takardar.
  • Yi aiki da matakan wasa a cikin maɓallan da yawa, musamman ma maɓallan singers (E, F, G, A). Wannan sassauƙa yana sa ku zama mai amfani.

Don jerin mahimman ƙa'idodi da nazarin jituwa, ziyarci Library of Standards of Jazz Piano Site . Yana karya sautunan yau da kullun kuma yana ba da dabarun aiki. Wani kyakkyawan kayan aiki shine Lista na Ka'idodin Jazz na Koyon tare da rikodin wasa-tare da bincike.

Ka Haɗa Su Duka

Guje wa waɗannan tarkuna takwas ba ya ba da tabbacin girma, amma yana kawar da matsalolin da suka fi kowa a hanya. Maida sikelin-tsaye da niyyar waƙa. Saurari jituwa. Girmama shiru. Rufe lokaci. Kula da muryarka. Haɗa kai da ƙungiyar. Horar da kunnuwanka. Koyi repertoire. Jazz improvisation aiki ne na tsawon rai; kowane kuskure shine damar da za a inganta tsarinka. Ka kasance mai son sani, ka kasance mai tawali'u, kuma ka ci gaba da wasa. Ba a taɓa gama tafiya ba. Kowane solo ne sabon hira da kanka da duniya.