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Abin da Ya Sa Maganar Muryarka Take Sauraron Kiɗa

Maganganun magana sune madaidaicin layi na mai kunnawa zuwa kayan aiki. Ga masu kunna ƙaramin ƙarfe waɗanda ke magance ɓangarorin kida, wannan ƙaramin ɓangaren shine bambanci tsakanin sauti wanda ke haɗuwa cikin sauƙi da wanda ya tsaya waje. Maganganu suna tasiri kowane bangare na kunnawa: launi na sautin, bayyanar magana, kewayon motsi, da jimiri na jiki. A cikin ɓangaren wasa mai ƙarancin tsari daga Mahler zuwa Wagner, koda wani ɗan canji a cikin siffar rim ko zurfin kofin kofin zai iya canza yanayin sautin ku. Fahimtar ilimin lissafin magana da tasirinsa akan kunnawa yana da mahimmanci don zaɓar kayan aikin da ya dace don aikin kida.

A murfin ne ba kawai wani funnel; shi ne a hankali injiniya resonator. da rim, kofin, wuya, da backbore aiki tare don ƙirƙirar wani takamaiman impedance cewa player dace da su embouchure. burin shi ne don samun wani hade da damar samar da wani ci gaba, resonant sautin da m kokarin a fadin duk rajista. Don low jan ƙarfe excerpts, kana bukatar ka nuna wani full-jiki sauti yayin da rike da ikon wasa m, sarrafawa wurare. da murfin da ka zaɓa dole ne ya dace da duka biyu matsanancin.

Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin Halin H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H

Siffar da Girman Rim

Rim shine inda lebe ke tuntuɓar. Tsarinsa, nisa, da lankwasawa kai tsaye suna shafar ta'aziyya da jimiri. Ya fi fadi, shimfiɗa shimfiɗa yana rarraba matsin lamba a kan babban yanki, wanda zai iya rage gajiya yayin dogon atisaye ko wasan kwaikwayo. Duk da haka, shimfiɗa mai faɗi na iya rage sassauci da iyakance yadda zaku iya canza saiti ko daidaita magana. Ga masu wasan kwaikwayo na ƙungiyar mawaƙa waɗanda ke kunna abubuwan da suka dace kamar buɗe Borodin’s Prince Igor Overture, wanda ke buƙatar duka legato na lyrical da sautin da aka jaddada sosai, matsakaici mai faɗi sau da yawa yana haifar da mafi kyawun daidaito. Ƙananan ƙaramin yana ba da ƙimar ga saurin wucewa na fasaha amma yana iya hakowa cikin lebe bayan faɗaɗa wasa.

Tsawon Kofin da Layinsa

Kofin shine ƙarar da ke bayan rim wanda ke tsara raƙuman sauti na farko. Kofin mai zurfi yana samar da duhu, mai laushi mai laushi mai kyau don ƙananan sassan tagulla waɗanda ke buƙatar wadata da zurfi. Misali, tuba solo a cikin Rimsky-Korsakov's Capriccio Espagnol ko ɓangaren bass trombone a cikin Stravinsky's Pulcinella suna amfana daga babban kofin da ke ƙara nauyi ga sauti. Kofin mai laushi yana haskaka sautin kuma yana inganta amsar rajistar sama, wanda ke da amfani ga masu kunna euphonium waɗanda dole ne wani lokaci su shiga cikin yankin alto.

Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin

Karkashin shi ne karamin hanyar da ke haɗa kofin zuwa ƙofar baya. Girmansa yana shafar saurin iska da juriya. Ƙofar baya yana ba da damar ƙarin iska ta gudana, wanda ke haifar da sauti mafi girma, mafi buɗewa amma yana buƙatar ƙarfin numfashi. Ga masu kunna tuba suna kunna buɗewa na Bruckner 7 Symphony, ƙofar ƙofar baya yana taimakawa wajen samar da layin legato mai zurfi. Ƙananan ƙofar yana ƙara matsin lamba, wanda zai iya daidaita babban rajista amma na iya matse ƙarshen ƙasa. Ƙofar bayata ta'urar da ke kaiwa ga mai karɓa ta kuma daidaita yanayin daidaita kayan aiki da launi na sauti. Wasu masana'antun (kamar Wick da Bach) suna ba da zaɓuɓɓukan ƙofar baya daban-daban don dacewa da kayan aiki ko salon wasa.

Abubuwan da Suka Sauke da Fata

Yawancin ƙananan murfin tagulla ana sarrafa su daga tagulla sannan a saka su da azurfa, zinariya, ko wani lokacin nickel. Tsarin yana da tasiri sosai ga ji da karko, amma yawancin 'yan wasa sun yi imanin cewa yana canza sautin. Tsarin azurfa yana da daidaito kuma yana ba da haske, mai amsawa. Tsarin zinariya ya ɗan taushi da dumi, wanda wasu' yan wasa suka sami sauƙi a lebe bayan dogon zaman. Zinariya kuma ya fi tsayayya da lalata. Duk da haka, tasirin sakawa akan sauti ba shi da yawa idan aka kwatanta da yanayin geometri da siffar kofin. Wani binciken da Jami'ar Kiɗa ta Vienna ta gudanar ya gano cewa yawancin masu sauraro ba za su iya rarrabe tsakanin murfin guda a cikin murfin daban-daban a cikin gwajin makanta ba. Jin daɗin mutum da tsabta ya kamata su jagorantar zaɓin ku. Murfin da ke jin zamewa ko kuma yana da gefuna masu tsauri zai janye hankalin ku yayin da za a yi wani ɓangaren rubutu.

Daidaita kayan magana zuwa takamaiman kayan aiki na ƙaramin jan ƙarfe

Trombone da Bass Trombone

Masu kunna trombone na orchestral tenor sau da yawa suna amfani da murya tare da matsakaiciyar rim (kimanin diamita 24.825.4 mm) da kofin zurfi. Bach 6 1/2AL zaɓi ne na gargajiya ga yawancin saitunan orchestral, yana ba da cakuda tsabta da murya. Schilke 51D yana ba da ɗan ƙaramin girma tare da ƙirar da aka bayyana. Don bass trombone, sassa kamar solo a Mozart Requiem ko madaidaicin matakai a Ravel Bolero suna buƙatar murya wanda zai iya ɗaukar ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin

Ƙaho na Euphonium da Baritone

'Yan wasan Euphonium a cikin mahallin kida (sau da yawa suna wasa da sassan tuba na tenor a cikin ayyukan kamar Holsts The Planets) suna buƙatar murya wanda ke samar da wadataccen sautin mai laushi. Babban, kofin mai siffar V yana taimakawa wajen daidaita sauti kuma yana guje wa ingancin hanci wanda ƙananan kofuna zasu iya gabatar da shi. Denis Wick 4AL, 6AL, ko 5AM sune samfuran da aka gwada a lokaci. Jerin Doug Elliott XT kuma yana samun karbuwa saboda daidaito daga rajista zuwa rajista. Saboda euphonium yana rufe fadi da kewa, daga ƙananan sautin pedal zuwa sautin sautin sautin clarino mai girma, murya dole ne ta ba da damar sauyawa mai sauƙi a cikin wannan bakan. Gwajin murya a kan sikelin da kuma abubuwan da suka faru kamar ɓangaren euphonium a cikin Vaughan Williams Folk Song Suite zai bayyana sassauci.

Tuba (CC, BBb, F, da Eb)

Zaɓin muryar tuba ya dogara da maɓallin kayan aiki da kundin waƙoƙi. Don CC tuba (wanda aka saba da shi a cikin ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta Arewacin Amurka), muryar kamar Conn Helleberg (abun asali ko 7B) misali ne. Suna ba da zurfin kofin da ke da zurfi wanda ke ɗaukar ƙananan mita da ake buƙata don ayyuka kamar Strauss Har ila yau, sprach Zarathustra. Don muryar BBb, sau da yawa ana amfani da ita a cikin manyan ƙungiyoyi ko don sassan da ke buƙatar ƙananan zangon, Denis Wick 2ABL ko 1ABL suna ba da kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali. F tuba players, waɗanda galibi ke sarrafa manyan muryoyin murya (Mussorgsky's Pictures a cikin Nunin), suna son murya da ɗan ƙarami ƙarami kofin da ƙarami don haɓaka amsawa a cikin babban rajistar. Bach 25 ko Schilke 66 maki ne masu kyau. Koyaushe karɓar murya daga girman murya zuwa ga murya mai girma, ta amfani da murya mai girma ko murya mai girma na iya shafar murya da girman murya da murya mai girma (ƙirar murya

Yin Gwajin Fuskokin Waƙoƙi don Fuskokin Waƙoƙi

Zaɓin murya ba tsari ne na girman ɗaya ba. Kuna buƙatar hanyar da ta dace don kimanta yadda kowane ɗan takara ke yin aiki a cikin takamaiman mahallin ƙananan ɓangarorin ƙarfe. Ga tsarin gwaji mataki-mataki:

Mataki na 1: Ƙarfafawa da Ƙarfafawa

Kafin ka gwada wasu kayan magana, ka yi amfani da su don ka san abin da za ka yi amfani da su. Ka yi wasa da sautin da za ka iya yin amfani da shi don ka tabbata cewa abin da kake amfani da shi a bakinka yana da kyau.

Mataki na 2: Ka Yi Wasa da Wuraren Waƙar da Ka Sani

Zaɓi sassa uku ko huɗu waɗanda ke wakiltar buƙatu daban-daban: jinkirin, rubutun waƙa (misali, farkon solo na Trombone a cikin Saint-Saëns Symphony No. 3), saurin, rubutun fasaha (misali, buɗe Berliozs Hungarian March for trombones), babban, ci gaba da wucewa (misali, ɓangaren bass trombone a cikin Respighis Pines na Roma), da kuma taushi, sashi mai laushi (misali, ɓangaren euphonium a tsakiyar Vaughan Williams A Sea Symphony).

Mataki na 3: Ka Yi la'akari da Yanayin Yanayin da Kuma Launi

Yi wasa da wannan sashi a piano, midzo-forte, da kuma FLT:4 Forissimo. Saurari canje-canje a launi. Kyakkyawan magana bai kamata ya zama mai wuya ko m a lokacin da yake da ƙarfi ba, kuma bai kamata ya rasa ma'ana a lokutan da ke da taushi ba. Kula da yadda sauƙi zaka iya sarrafa crescendos da decrescendos. Don ƙananan sassan ƙarfe, ikon tsara jimla yana da mahimmanci.

Mataki na 4: Ka Gwada Ƙarfin Zuciya da Gajiya

Ka yi wasa da kowane ɗan takara na minti 45. Kada ka yi wa ɗan takara hukunci a kan minti biyar na farko kawai; wasu da suka ji daɗi a farko za su iya jawo rashin jin daɗi bayan amfani da su. Ka rubuta game da haushi a lebe, matsin lamba, da kuma gajiya gaba ɗaya.

Mataki na 5: Duba Intonation da Slotting

Yi amfani da mai saiti yayin kunna ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙ

Kulawa: Ka Kiyaye Fuskarka a Yanayin da Ta Fi Kyau

Bayan ka yi amfani da kayan da za ka yi amfani da su, za ka iya yin amfani da su sosai.

Tsabtace a kai a kai

Bayan kowane zaman wasa, wanke murfin da ruwa mai dumi (ba zafi ba). Yi amfani da goga mai tsabta tare da sabulu mai laushi don tsabtace cikin kofin da shank kowane kwana uku zuwa huɗu. Guji tsabtace abrasive wanda zai iya lalata plating. Don tsauraran ajiya, tsoma murfin a cikin bayani na farin vinegar da ruwa (1:3) na minti 2030, sannan ku goge da wanke sosai. Kada ku yi amfani da ruwan zãfi, wanda zai iya warware tagulla ko sassauta plating.

Adanawa da kuma Gudanarwa

Ka riƙa ajiye murfinka a cikin wani ɗaki mai ɗamara ko kuma a cikin jakar da aka yi maka sutura a cikin akwatin kayan aikinka. Kada ka taɓa jefa shi cikin akwatin da aka yi amfani da su don yin wanka ko kuma wanke shi, domin ƙwanƙwasa da ƙwanƙwasa za su canja yanayin da ke cikinsa kuma su shafi sautinka. Ka guji sanya murfin a kan fuska mai wuya. Idan kana wasa da kayan aiki da yawa, ka riƙe kowane murfin a cikin bututun ajiya da aka lakafta. Ka yi la'akari da siyan ƙarin murfin don horo da kuma na musamman don wasan kwaikwayo.

Bincike na Lokaci-lokaci

Ka bincika bakin ka kowane wata don ka ga ko ya lalace. Ka bincika gefen da ke kan gefen (abin da ke nuna cewa ka yi rashin ƙarfi), ko kuma abin da ya yi daidai da abin da kake so ka yi.

Gyara da Gyara Masu Sana'a

Wasu 'yan wasa sun zaɓi su sake yin murfin su ta hanyar kwararru don daidaita tsarin gefen ko zurfin kofin. Wannan aiki ne na musamman wanda zai iya tsawaita rayuwar ƙaunataccen murfin. Ana iya maye gurbin shi idan azurfa ko zinariya sun lalace. Ayyuka kamar waɗanda aka bayar ta Houghton Horns ko Mouthpiece Express na iya dawo da asalin jin daɗi.

Abubuwan da Za a Yi la'akari da Su: Yadda Za a Zaɓa Abin da Za a Yi Magana da Kuma Yadda Za a Ɗauko Wani Ɗauki

Yayin da aikinku na ƙungiyar mawaƙa ke ci gaba, kuna iya ganin cewa bakuncin bakuncin ba ya ba da cikakkiyar ma'ana ga dukkan ɓangarorin. Wasu 'yan wasa suna ɗaukar bakuncin bakuncin bakuncin biyu don wasan kwaikwayo: ɗaya don ɓoye solo wanda ke buƙatar ingantaccen sautin, ɗayan kuma don manyan ɓangarorin tutti. Wannan abu ne na kowa tsakanin masu busa bas da masu kunna tuba. Misali, zaku iya amfani da kofin da ya ɗan ƙasa don solo na lyrical kamar Trombone solo a Berlioz's Harold en Italie [FLT: 1], kuma canza zuwa kofin zurfi don sassan jan ƙarfe masu nauyi a Richard Strauss. Yi aiki da sauyawa a bayan fage don haka zaku iya canza bakuncin da sauri ba tare da katse hankalin ku ba.

Wani fasaha mai ci gaba shine daidaita matsayin bakinka a lebe (ƙananan ko ƙananan wuri) don biyan bashin bakinka wanda bai dace da wani yanki ba. Duk da haka, wannan shine tsayawa; saka hannun jari a cikin bakinka na farko daidai koyaushe yana da kyau. Yi amfani da bakinka ɗaya, launuka da yawa: koyi don tsara sauti tare da saurin iska, matsayin harshe, da bambancin bakinka. Babban bakinka yana ba ka zane-zane. har yanzu kana buƙatar burbushin burbushin.

Kayan kiɗa na kiɗa don ƙananan ƙarfe yana da yawa. Cibiyar Kiɗa ta Hickey da sauran manyan dillalai suna ba da shirye-shiryen gwaji na ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙ

Kuskuren da Ake Yi Sa'ad da Ake Zaɓan Fata Mai Ƙarfin Zuba

  • Fitar da sauti na wani dan wasa: Fitar da murya wanda ke aiki ga sanannen mawaƙa na iya zama ba zai yi aiki a gare ku ba. Fitar da bakinka, tsarin hakora, da goyon bayan iska na musamman ne. Yi amfani da zaɓin su azaman farawa, ba garantin ba.
  • ] watsi da ƙwanƙwasa: ] Wani murya wanda ya yi gajere ko tsayi a cikin ƙwanƙwasa na iya haifar da matsalolin sautin sauti. Koyaushe bincika cewa murya ta zauna daidai a cikin mai karɓar kayan aiki.
  • Zaɓin bisa ga farashi kawai: Tsada ba koyaushe yana nufin mafi kyau ba. Yawancin zane-zane na gargajiya na murya na orchestral suna da araha; misali, Bach 6 1/2AL yana da farashi mai matsakaici kuma ana amfani dashi sosai.
  • ] watsi da kiyayewa: ] Ko da mafi kyawun bakin zai lalace idan ba a tsabtace shi akai-akai ba. Ginawa a cikin kurkukun na iya canza juriya kuma ya sa haɗin gwiwa ya yi jinkiri.
  • A cikin FLT: 0, ana iya amfani da murya mai kyau don yin waƙar waƙa ta hanyar murya.

Tattalin Arziki don Ƙarin Bincike

Duniya na ƙananan ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙira ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙira ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙira ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙira ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙira ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙira ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙira ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar

Ƙarshen

Zaɓin bakin da ya dace don ƙananan kayan wasan kida na mawaƙa tafiya ce ta sirri wanda ke haɗuwa da auna na abu da jin dadi. Babu wani ɗan bakin da ya fi kyau a duniya; akwai kawai mafi kyawun bakin da ya dace da fuskarka, kayan aikinka, da kuma ra'ayinka na sauti. Ka kusanci tsarin zaɓe da haƙuri, ka yi amfani da kunnuwanka da jimiri a matsayin jagora, kuma kada ka taɓa raina mahimmancin kulawa mai kyau. Mai magana da aka zaɓa da kyau ba zai haɓaka wasan kwaikwayonka kawai ba, amma kuma zai sa lokacin aikinka ya fi ƙarfin hali kuma wasan kwaikwayonka ya fi ƙarfin zuciya. Ko kai ɗalibi ne da ke shirya sauraro ko kuma ƙwararren mai ƙwarewa don daidaita saitinka, lokacin da ka saka hannun jari wajen zaɓar bakin da ya dace zai biya lada a cikin kowane ɗan wasan kwaikwayo da ka buga.