Table of Contents

Menene Maganin Maganin Maganin Trombone?

A trombone embouchure ne da ainihin sanyi na lebe, fuska tsokoki, da kuma jaws cewa a player amfani da samar da sauti. Lokacin da iska da aka busa ta lebe, su vibrate a kan bakin bakin, samar da buzz cewa tafiya ta hanyar da kayan aiki. Wannan buzz ne tushen kowane sautin, daga pedal rajista zuwa high range. A daidai embouchure damar lebe vibrate freely ba tare da wuce haddi tashin hankali, ba ka m sautin, juriya, da kuma iko.

Ba kamar wasu kayan aiki na tagulla ba, trombone yana buƙatar ƙofar da ta fi karko saboda sauye-sauyen saurin slide. Ba tare da cibiyar da za a iya dogara da ita a kowane ɓangaren ba, kuna iya fama da hare-hare marasa kyau ko kuma ɓarkewar da ba a yi niyya ba. Fahimtar dabaru a bayan ƙofarku zai taimake ku ku gano matsaloli da gyara su kafin su zama halaye.

Mataki na 1: Ka San Yadda Za Ka Sa Fuskarka

Matsayin bakin shine mai canzawa na farko da za a sarrafa. Yawancin 'yan wasa suna samun nasara tare da sanyawa wanda ke da tsakiya a kwance akan lebe, tare da kusan 5060% na rim ɗin da ke kan lebe na sama da 4050% akan lebe na ƙasa. Wannan rarrabawar sama-nauyi yana ba da damar lebe na sama ya yi rawar jiki cikin sauƙi, wanda ke da mahimmanci saboda lebe na sama shine tushen tushen buzz. Duk da haka, ilimin lissafi na mutum yana da mahimmanci: 'yan wasa tare da lebe mai kauri ko bakin bakin suna iya buƙatar daidaitawa kaɗan. Wasu masu wasan kwaikwayo na trump suna amfani da ƙananan wuri (fiye a kan lebe na ƙasa) idan suna da lebe mai kauri musamman, wanda zai iya taimakawa cikin ƙananan kwanciyar hankali.

Ka sanya murfin a hankali a bakin ka ba tare da matsawa ba. Manufar ita ce a rufe shi sosai, ba a murkushe shi ba. Idan ka matsa da ƙarfi sosai, za ka matsa nama na lebe kuma ka kashe jijiyoyin. Don samun wuri mafi kyau, ka riƙe trombone da hannun hagu kawai (ka tallafawa da hannun dama idan ya cancanta) kuma ka taɓa murfin a lebe. Ka numfasa kuma ka numfasa iska a hankali ta bakin. Ka motsa murfin a ɗan sama, ƙasa, hagu, da dama yayin da kake busa har sai murfin ya ji kyauta da kuma ci gaba. Wannan jin daɗin da ke tsakiyar gidanka ne.

Mataki na 2: Ka Sa Bakinka Ya Yi Tsayawa

Ya kamata a zana lebe tare da sauƙi.Ka yi tunanin cewa M ko P ba tare da matsa lamba ba. Ka guji kuskuren kusurwar da aka saba janyewa a cikin murmushi; wannan yana kwance lebe kuma yana rage farfajiyar su. Maimakon haka, ka yi niyya ga siffar pucker ko whistle, inda kusurwar ke shiga cikin ciki, yana haifar da ƙarami, matashin matashin matashi. Wannan siffar tana taimaka wa gefen bakin ya zauna a kan matashin tsoka mai kwanciyar hankali maimakon a kan siriri, shimfiɗaccen fata.

Idan ka ga cewa muryarka tana da laushi ko kuma tana da iska, ka bincika matsayinka na lebe. Mutane da yawa da suka fara fara farawa suna dogara sosai ga matsawar lebe kuma ba su dogara sosai ga saurin iska ba.

Mataki na 3: Ka Yi Fitar

Aperture shine karamin sarari tsakanin lebe inda iska ta tsere. Karamin, buɗe buɗewa shine mabuɗin don sautin da ke da haske da amsa mai sauƙi. Don ƙirƙirar shi, kiyaye lebe tare kamar yadda aka bayyana, sannan kuyi tunanin yin shiru da harafin F ko P yayin da kuka bar karamin iska ta wuce ta tsakiyar. lebe bai kamata a rufe su ba. Dole ne a rufe shi. Kuna iya ganin wannan ta hanyar kallon madubi: buɗewa ya kamata ya kasance mai tsakiya, ƙarami, da daidaita. Wani ra'ayi mara kyau shine cewa kuna buƙatar babban rami don ƙananan sautin kuma ƙaramin ɗayan don manyan sautin; a zahiri, girman buɗewa yana canzawa kaɗan. Yawancin canjin sautin ya fito ne daga saurin lebe da ƙarfin iska, ba daga buɗewa ko rufe width ba.

Idan kana fama da buɗewar, gwada motsa jiki na pfft: sanya yatsanka a gaban lebe ka busa ɗan gajeren iska kamar kana hura kyandir. Ji inda iska ta buga yatsanka. Sa'an nan kuma sanya murfin a lebe ka yi ƙoƙarin maimaita wannan iska mai ma'ana. Wannan yana haɓaka sanin da kake buƙatar sarrafa buɗewa ba tare da ƙoƙari ba.

Mataki na 4: Ka Ƙarfafa Ƙarfin Fuskarka

Kasuwancin da ke kewaye da bakinkamusculars orbicularis oris, amma kuma buccinator da zygomaticus dole ne suyi aiki tare don riƙe bakinka a wurin. Yankunan bakinka ya kamata su ji daɗi kaɗan, kamar dai kuna tsotsewa ta hanyar tsami. Wannan yana haifar da jujjuyawar jujjuyawar (wani lokacin ana kiranta dabbobin jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar jujjuyawar

Wuraren da za a lura: ya kamata a yi tsaftace da kuma shimfiɗa wuyanka. Idan suka numfashi, iska tana shiga aljihun wuyan maimakon ta shiga kayan aiki, wanda ke ɓata numfashi kuma yana raunana sautinka. Hakanan ka guji kallon double chin wanda sau da yawa yana nufin cewa wuyanka yana faduwa baya, yana shimfiɗa tsokoki na wuya ta hanyar da ke hana iska. Ka riƙe wuyanka a kwance kuma a bude, kamar kana yin tawaye.

Mataki na 5: Ka Kasance da Yanayin da Ya Dace

Idan ka yi amfani da wannan na'urar, za ka iya yin amfani da ita a cikin wani wuri mai kyau don yin amfani da shi. Idan ka yi amfani da wannan na'urar, za ka iya yin amfani da ita a cikin wani wuri mai kyau don yin amfani da shi.

Yayin da kake hawa zuwa babban rajista, jaws yana tashi da motsawa gaba; sauka, yana saukowa da kuma komawa baya a ɗan lokaci. Amma ka kiyaye waɗannan motsi masu kyau. Ƙarin motsi na jaws zai ɓata buɗewarka. Wani motsa jiki mai taimako: yi wasa da ƙananan B-flat (mafiyar bass ta layi na biyu) tare da shakatawa, buɗe jaw, sa'an nan kuma ka zame zuwa tsakiyar B-flat a kusa da sandar.

Mataki na 6: Ka Ƙirƙiri Ƙarfin Hashi

Taimako na numfashi ba kawai game da shan iska ba ne. Yana da game da sarrafa numfashi don ciyar da bakin daidai abin da yake buƙata. Yi amfani da zurfin numfashi mai nutsuwa daga diaphragm: ciki ya kamata ya faɗaɗa waje, ba kafadu ba. Sa'an nan, yayin da kake busawa, ka riƙe bango na ciki (tunanin turawa kan tsayayyar juriya). Wannan madaidaicin, matsin iska mai matsa lamba yana sa lebe su yi rawar jiki sosai, yana rage ƙoƙarin da ake buƙata daga tsokoki na fuska.

Wani ci gaba da dabarun: lokacin da kake wasa a hankali, ka yi tunanin busa iska mai jinkiri, mai dumi; lokacin da kake wasa da ƙarfi, yi amfani da iska mai sauri, mai sanyi. Wannan yana canza yawan iska da saurin iska ba tare da buƙatar ka riƙe da lebe ba. Haɗa wannan tare da sautin murya fee (kamar yadda ake cewa bee amma tare da harshe zuwa gaba) don kiyaye iska ta motsa cikin rami na baka. Idan sautinka ya ɓace ko lebur, kuna iya buƙatar ƙarin tallafi. Yi ƙoƙarin kunna dogon sautin tare da cikakken tallafi, sannan ka bar iska ta ji yadda sautin nan da nan ya ragu. Wannan yana koya maka darajar sauti mai daidaito.

Kuskuren da Ake Yi Sau da Sau da Yadda Za a Gyara Su

  • Fitaccen matsin lamba: Fitaccen zoben ja a lebe bayan zaman motsa jiki gargadi ne. Magani: yi aiki da busa murya kadai, sannan ka haɗa da trombone kuma ka buga sautunan dogon lokaci ta amfani da isasshen matsin lamba don rufe iska. Bari taimakon numfashi ya yi aikin.
  • 'Yanci, lebe mai laushi: Idan lebe naka ya yi laushi sosai, iska tana busawa ta hanyar su ba tare da sautin haske ba. Ka ƙarfafa kusurwoyin kamar kana shirin tsawaitawa. Idan lebe naka ya yi tsalle ko ya haifar da sauti mai tsalle, ƙara ƙarin sautin tsoka.
  • Mutumin da ya fi girma ko ƙananan: Matsayi mai girma (fiye da lebe na sama) na iya sauƙaƙa sautin sauti mai girma amma zai iya raunana ƙananan rajista. Matsayi mai ƙaranci yana taimakawa ƙananan rajista amma yana iya rage girman zangon sama. Gyara ta hanyar sauya murfin ba fiye da 12 mm a lokaci ɗaya kuma gwada shi a cikin zangon ku.
  • Jaka ta matsawa ko matsawa: FLT:1] Tsananta jaws yana yanke iska kuma yana haifar da kaifi, tilasta sautin. Ka sanya hakora a ɗan raba (rashin faɗi fensir). Ka sauke jaw ɗinka a ɗan a kan ƙananan sautin; a kan sautin da ke da ƙarfi, bari ya tashi ba tare da matsawa ba.
  • * FLT: 0 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

Idan ka lura da sautinka yana karyewa ko kuma ya karya tsakanin masu rijista, matsalar na iya kasancewa ƙarar murmushi wanda ke taƙaita buɗewar sosai don ƙananan sautunan.

Ayyukan Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙ

Aikin da ya fi dacewa shi ne a yi amfani da minti 10 zuwa 15 na kowane aikin motsa jiki don yin horo a kan bakin.

  1. Fitar da murya: Riƙe murya kawai zuwa lebe kuma ku busa sautin daidaitacce, sannan ku lankwasa shi sama da ƙasa ta hanyar daidaita ƙarfin lebe da saurin iska. Yi wannan na mintuna 23. Ƙara sautunan sauƙi (kamar Hot Cross Buns) don haɓaka iko a cikin sautunan daban-daban.
  2. Sautin sauti mai tsawo: Play low (misali, F a cikin sandar) kuma riƙe shi na 810 seconds a cikin kwanciyar hankali mezzo-forte. Saurari don wobbles ko saukowa; yi ƙoƙarin kiyaye shi gaba ɗaya daidaita. Yi tafiya ta hanyar rabin mataki ta hanyar tsakiyar rijista kuma baya. Wannan yana gina jimiri da daidaito.
  3. Lip slurs: Ba tare da motsa slide ba, canza bayanin kula ta hanyar canza ƙuƙwalwar ku da iska: slur daga tsakiyar B-flat zuwa F, sannan baya. Yi wannan a matsayi na farko da na uku. Mayar da hankali kan sauye-sauye masu santsi ba tare da blips ba. Idan ka buga wani bump, zaka iya matsawa ko sauke jaw da sauri.
  4. Tons na ƙafa: Play low B-flat (a ƙasa da sandar) ta amfani da kwanciyar hankali, buɗe bakin. lebe ya kamata ya yi rawar jiki, kusan kamar doki. Tons na ƙafa suna taimakawa wajen haɓaka ikon buɗewa da ƙarfafa tsokoki masu zurfi na fuska. Fara da sautin ƙafa uku zuwa biyar a kowane zaman.
  5. Aikin madubi: Ka sanya ƙaramin madubi a kan teburin kiɗa. Ka lura da bakin yayin da kake wasa da dogon sautuna: shin bakin ya kasance a tsakiyar? shin wuyanka yana kwance? shin jaws dinka yana motsi da kyau? Gano munanan halaye a gani shine hanya mafi sauri don gyara su.
  6. Fitar da numfashi: Take full numfashi, sa'an nan kuma wasa a takaice, m bayanin kula (kamar a staccato) ba tare da tonguingkawai fara iska. Idan bayanin kula fara tsabta, your embouchure da budewa ne kafa daidai. Idan shi splits ko fara da marigayi, daidaita lebe matsayi ko iska gudun.

Ƙididdiga Masu Girma: Nau'in Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙ

Kowane ɗan wasan trombone yana da ɗan bambanci saboda girman lebe, tsarin hakora, da siffar jaws. Nau'ikan embouchure guda biyu na kowa sune makarantar high placement da low placement, amma mafi mahimmanci, wasu 'yan wasan suna ƙirƙirar embouchure smile (kurse da aka janye baya) yayin da wasu ke ƙirƙirar pucker (kurse gaba).

Yawancin masu wasan kwaikwayo na kwalliya, kamar Joseph Alessi (babban mai wasan kwaikwayo na New York Philharmonic), suna ba da shawara ga tsarin ƙirar ƙirar ƙira tare da buɗe wuya sosai. An san Christian Lindberg da matsanancin sassauci, wanda ya fito ne daga mai sauƙin motsawa. Babu siffar da ta dace; mabuɗin shine nemo daidaitaccen yanayi wanda zai ba ka damar yin rawar jiki daga ƙananan zuwa sama ba tare da ƙarin matsin lamba ba. Don zurfafa zurfafa zurfafawa cikin nau'ikan kwalliya da kimiyyar da ke bayan su, karanta albarkatu a shafin bincike na kwalliya na TrumpetGuild

Yadda Za a Warware Matsaloli da Suka Shafi

Idan kana fuskantar matsaloli na musamman, ga wasu hanyoyin da za ka iya magance su:

  • Kyakkyawan rubutu a cikin rijistar tsakiya: Flat dinka na iya zama mai girma. Yi amfani da murya a kan bayanin kula, sannan ka kunna shi a kan ƙaho tare da jin daɗi iri ɗaya. Rage buɗewa ta hanyar matsa lebe tare kaɗan.
  • ]Thin, rauni sauti: Yawancin lokaci alama ce ta rashin isasshen goyon bayan iska ko murmushi embouchure. Ƙara numfashi, yi amfani da iska mafi sauri, kuma duba siffar lebe (switch zuwa pucker).
  • Gajiya bayan minti 10: FLT: 1 Kuna iya matsawa da ƙarfi sosai ko amfani da matsin lamba mai yawa. Rage matsa lamba, kuma yi aiki da busawa ba tare da ƙahon ba don gina kulawar tsoka ba tare da nauyin trombone ba.
  • ]Rashin kwanciyar hankali: ] Wani murfin murfin murfin murfin murfin murfin sau da yawa walks a kusa da murfin murfin, yana canza tsawon vibration. Yi amfani da madubi don ganin idan murfin murfin yana motsawa. Karfafa kusurwoyi don haka murfin murfin ya kasance a wuri ɗaya.
  • Rashin iya wasa a hankali: Playing play yana buƙatar daidaitaccen iko da iska mai ƙarfi. Yi aiki da dogon sautunan tare da kwararar iska mai ma'ana sosai, kuma ka guji matsawa.

Ka Yi Koyarwa na Dā

Ƙaddamar da ƙuƙwalwa yana faruwa a hankali. Ka shirya ka ciyar da makonni 812 a kan kowane babban canji kafin ka yi la'akari da sakamakon.

  1. Warm-up (5 min.): Muryar murya, sautin dogon sauti, da kuma labbobin lebe.
  2. Ayyukan ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙ
  3. Aikace-aikace (minti 20 +): (FLT: 1) Tsarin, sikelin, da kuma kundin waƙoƙi amma ci gaba da saka idanu kan ƙuƙwalwar ku a duk lokacin. Idan kun ji tashin hankali yana shiga, dakatar da sake saitawa.
  4. Cool-down (23 minutes): Very m, shakatawa dogon sautuna a cikin low rajista don saki tashin hankali.

Saurari rikodin manyan mawaƙa kamar Joseph Alessi na Gordon Jacob Trombone Concerto don jin yadda kyauta, murya mai sautin sauti yake. Kula da yadda sautin su ke da ci gaba da sautin har ma a cikin matsanancin motsi.

A ƙarshe, la'akari da ɗaukar darasi tare da ƙwararre. Malami mai ƙwarewa zai iya gano abubuwan da ke cikin ku na musamman, ko dai ɗan ƙaramin karkatar da bakin, buɗewar rashin daidaituwa, ko ɗaga hanci wanda baza ku iya gani a madubi ba. Don jerin malaman trombone da aka amince da su, ziyarci kundin adireshin malamai na International Trombone Association.

Idan ka yi amfani da wannan lokacin da kyau, za ka iya yin amfani da shi sosai don ka yi wasa da shi, kuma za ka iya yin amfani da shi sosai don ka ji daɗin yin wasa da shi.