Table of Contents

Gabatarwa: Me Ya Sa Kwarewa a Fitar da Ƙananan Zuba Jari Ya Dace

Ga masu wasan trumpet, masu wasan euphonium, da masu wasan tub, rubutun ƙungiyar mawaƙa sune kuɗin sauraron ƙwararru. Samun matsayi yana buƙatar ba kawai iko na fasaha ba amma har da ikon bayar da wani sashi tare da tabbacin kiɗa akan buƙata. Shirya ƙananan sassan ƙarfe don wasan kwaikwayon yana buƙatar tsarin tsari wanda ke canza bayanan da aka yi a cikin tabbaci, mai ladabi. Wannan jagorar yana ba da hanyar da ta dace don gina ƙwarewa, daga nazarin ƙimar farko zuwa ƙarshe, yana taimaka muku kusanci kowane sashi tare da tsabta da iko.

Kowane kayan aiki a cikin iyalin ƙananan ƙarfe yana fuskantar ƙalubale na musamman: daidaito na slide don trombone, daidaitawa na bawul don euphonium da tuba, da kuma goyon bayan numfashi mai daidaito ga kowa. Ta hanyar rarraba tsarin zuwa matakai masu sarrafawa da magance duka fannoni na fasaha da na kiɗa, za ka iya juya abubuwan da ke tsoratar da kai zuwa ƙarfin abin dogara. Ko kana shirya don babban sauraron mawaƙa, jarrabawar kwaleji, ko kuma wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo, ƙa'idodin iri ɗaya suna amfani.

Fahimtar Fassara Kafin Ka Yi Wasa

Idan ka yi amfani da lokaci wajen nazarin rubutun, za ka iya yin amfani da shi sosai.

Nazarin Ƙimar da Yanayi

Fara da takarda. Gano sa hannu, sa hannu, saurin sautin, motsi, motsi, da kuma duk wani bayani. Ka lura da zangon rubutun ko yana zaune a cikin tsari mai kyau ko kuma ya matsa zuwa cikin manyan rajista?

  • Bincika mawaki da lokaci: A sashi daga Mahler na bukatar daban-daban phrasing da vibrato fiye da daya daga Mozart. Sanin salon zamanin ya sanar da zabi na magana, tempo sassauci, da kuma sautin launi.
  • Gano asalin waƙar: Duba cikakken waƙar mawaƙa don ganin abin da sauran kayan aikin ke wasa. Wannan yana bayyana alamun shigarwa, alaƙa mai ƙarfi, da kuma matsayin layin ku gaba ɗaya (ƙwaƙwalwa, jituwa, goyon bayan sautin).
  • Saurari tare da ƙididdiga: Find mahara rikodi tsofaffi da zamani kuma bi tare da. Kwatanta masu gudanarwa fassarar: yadda suke siffanta jimlar? Ina suke ɗaukar ɗan rubato? Yi rubutu akan abin da ke aiki da abin da ba ya aiki.

Abubuwan da Aka Yi Fitar da Su da Kuma Bukatarsu

Wasu abubuwan da aka ambata a cikin wannan talifin suna bayyana sau da yawa a lokacin da ake sauraron sauraron sauraro.

  • Trombone Boléro (M. Ravel): The famous solo yana buƙatar daidaito mai kyau, tsabta mai tsabta a cikin motsi mai laushi, da kuma waƙa mai kyau tare da vibrato mai sarrafawa.
  • Bass Trombone Die Walküre (Wagner): Yana buƙatar ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙ
  • Tuba The Planets, Mars (Holst): Ya gwada jimiri mai saurin gudu, fasaha mai saurin bugun jini, da kuma ikon yin wasa tare da haɗari mai ƙarfi yayin da yake kasancewa cikin sautin.
  • Euphonium Ein Heldenleben (Strauss): A lyrical, fallasa ta hanyar da bukatar seamless legato, m iko, da kuma tsarki intonation a fadin wani m lokaci.

Bincika kowane yanki rawar ƙungiyar mawaƙa. Alal misali, ɓangaren tuba a cikin Bydlo (Mussorgsky / Ravel) solo ne wanda dole ne ya yi sauti mai nauyi da baƙin ciki, ba na inji ba.

Yadda Za a Raba Fassarar zuwa Ƙari

Idan ka raba waƙar zuwa sassa masu ma'ana, za ka iya mai da hankali ga batun a lokaci guda ba tare da ka rasa yadda za ka tattauna ba.

Dabarun rarrabuwa

  • Rarraba ta hanyar magana: [1] Fassarar kiɗa ƙungiyoyi ne na halitta. Yi aiki akan kowane magana daban kafin haɗa su.
  • Rarraba ta hanyar ƙalubale na fasaha: Ka ware matakai masu wahala, tsalle-tsalle masu yawa, ko matakai masu saurin haɗuwa. Yi waɗannan a cikin ɓoye ta amfani da sautin daban-daban da wuraren farawa.
  • Rarraba ta hanyar matakai masu mahimmanci: Canjin ba zato ba tsammani daga FLT:2 zuwa piano zuwa FLT:4 ko daga legato zuwa staccato zai iya sa ka tuntuɓe. Yi waɗannan sauye-sauye akai-akai.

Ka Keɓe Wuraren Matsala ta Hanyar Musamman

Da zarar ka gano yankin matsala (misali, saurin saurin sautin goma sha shida a kan trombone), raba shi gaba:

  • Aikin sautin: [FLT: 0] Yi murya ko magana da sautin daga ƙaho. Sa'an nan kuma kunna shi a kan sautin guda ɗaya don haɓaka tsarin sautin.
  • Lura: Don trombone, yi amfani da jirgin sama mai saukar ungulu don bincika matsayin slide. Don kayan aikin bawul, yi wasa a hankali tare da mai daidaitawa don tabbatar da tsawan tsawan tsawan.
  • Fara daga ƙarshen: Yi aiki da sautin ƙarshe na wurin matsala, sannan uku na ƙarshe, kuma gina baya. Wannan yana taimaka wa kwakwalwa ta koyi haɗuwa da abin da ke gaba.

Yadda Za Ka Kasance da Ayyuka Masu Kyau

Aikin da aka tsara da kyau yana magance dukan fannoni na aikin ba tare da ɓata lokaci ba.

Abubuwan da Ke Sa Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan

Ka yi amfani da minti 15 zuwa 20 wajen yin nazarin abubuwan da suka shafi wannan batun kafin ka taɓa wani yanki.

  • Sautin dogon lokaci: Play dukan sautunan a cikin wani dadi dynamic, mayar da hankali a kan barga iska, cibiyar pitch, da kuma wani m sauti daga shigarwa zuwa saki.
  • FLT:0]]Lip slurs: Yi aiki da hawa da sauka slurs a duk faɗin jerin jituwa.
  • Aikin numfashi: Yi amfani da bututun numfashi ko kawai yi zurfin numfashi mai nutsuwa. numfashi a kan sauti sss don sarrafawa. Tallafin numfashi mai kyau yana tasiri kai tsaye kan sautin, magana, da jimiri.

Tattaunawa na Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin

Ka ba da lokaci bisa ga wahalar kowane sashe.

  • Aikin Slow (30% na lokaci): Yi amfani da metronome a 5060% na saurin wasan kwaikwayon. Tabbatar da kowane sautin da aka sanya daidai a cikin sautin da sautin. Sannu a hankali ƙara saurin ta ƙananan ƙaruwa (tunani matakai 25 bpm).
  • Aikin bambancin (30%): Play da rubutun da daban-daban articulations (misali, staccato maimakon legato) ko rhythms (dotted patterns) don karfafa iko. Wannan fasaha, wani lokacin da ake kira rhythmic bambancin, gina sassauci.
  • Aikin da aka yi a matakin wasan kwaikwayon (20%): Bayan an daidaita saurin, kunna ta hanyar rubutun kamar a wasan kwaikwayon babu tsayawa, babu maimaitawa. Rubuta kowane gudu.
  • Sauraro da kimantawa (20%): Saurari rikodin ku. Kwatanta da rikodin ƙwararru. Rubuta daidaitawa ɗaya ko biyu na musamman don zaman na gaba.

Yin Amfani da Fasaha da Inganci

Rikodin kanka ba za a iya tattaunawa ba. Mai rikodin wayoyin salula mai sauƙi ya isa. Bugu da ƙari, yi amfani da aikace-aikacen drone don inganta intonation, aikace-aikacen metronome tare da ƙananan sassa, da software na rubutu don ware layin idan ya cancanta. Shafukan yanar gizo kamar OrchestralExcerpts.com suna ba da jerin kyauta da cikakkun jerin abubuwan sauraro na yau da kullun, gami da sautin waƙa da rikodi.

Shirye-shiryen Fasaha: Gina Kayan Kayan Kayan

A cikin waɗannan littattafan, an gwada wasu fasahohi masu muhimmanci.

Taimako a Hatsuwa da Kuma Kula da Ruwa

Ba tare da taimakon da ya dace ba, sautin zai zama marar hankali, sautin zai yi rauni, kuma yin dogon furuci zai zama da wuya.

  • Yi amfani da dogon magana a numfashi ɗaya: Gano mafi tsawo magana a cikin rubutun ka kuma yi aiki akan fadada ƙarfin huhu. Yi amfani da agogon tsayawa don bin diddigin ci gaba.
  • Aikin motsa jiki na iska mai ƙarfi: Yi wasa a cikin mezzo-forte, sannan maimaita shi a piano yayin da yake kiyaye ƙarfin da cibiyar saiti.
  • A cikin solo da aka fallasa, kuna iya buƙatar ɓoye numfashi mai sauri tsakanin jimloli. Yi waɗannan saurin numfashi mai nutsuwa don kauce wa katse layin kiɗa.

Abubuwan da ke Shafan Takamaiman Kayan Aiki

Trombone: Flt: 1 Yana da mahimmanci. Yi amfani da glossando-free legato ta hanyar daidaita saurin slide tare da iska. Yi amfani da madubi don bincika kusurwoyin slide, da kuma yin aiki da matsayi na madadin don nemo hanyar da ta fi dacewa. Don abubuwan da aka samo kamar Mozart Requiem trombone solo, dabara mai santsi da kuma bayyanannen magana a matsi mai laushi suna da mahimmanci.

Euphonium: (FLT: 1) Ka mai da hankali kan daidaitaccen bawul da kuma waƙa. Yi aiki da tsarin sikelin a cikin dukkan maɓallan da suka shafi rubutun. Yi amfani da mai daidaitawa don tabbatar da cewa haɗin bawul ya haifar da sautunan ci gaba, musamman a cikin babban rajista.

Tuba: FLT:1 Tallafin numfashi da fasaha mai ƙarancin rajista suna da mahimmanci. Yi amfani da sautunan pedal don ƙarfafa ƙofar da iska. Yi aiki akan saurin amsa bawul a cikin matakai kamar layin tuba na Valkyries. Yi amfani da metronome don kulle cikin sautin tare da jin ƙarar ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙaran

Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙ

Saurin magana yana nufin yin magana da harsuna da yawa (biyu da uku) don yin saurin yin magana.

  • Aikace-aikacen rubutun: Yi amfani da doo don legato, too don staccato, da ta don ma'ana. Gwada tare da matsayin harshe don nemo mafi kyawun hari ba tare da hana iska ba.
  • Yi wasa da rubutun tare da kowane bayanin da aka yi magana da shi, sannan tare da haɗin haɗin kai. Wannan yana haɓaka sassauci.
  • A cikin saurin wucewa, ji bugun jini. Yi amfani da metronome don raba sautunan takwas ko goma sha shida a hankali.

Yadda Ake Nuna Waƙar da Kuma Salon Sa

Ba'a iya yin hukunci akan kayan kiɗa ba ikon yin layi, kawo hali, da amsawa ga salo.

Yin Magana da Kuma Gyara

Kowane sashi yana da yanayi na halitta. Gano babban wurin magana da siffar zuwa gare shi. Yi amfani da motsin gashi (crescendo ] da decrescendo) don ba da contour. Ko da a cikin jerin bayanan maimaitawa (kamar yadda aka saba da su a cikin Ravels La Valse), bambancin motsin motsin zai iya haifar da shugabanci.

  • Ka fara rera magana: Ka daina yin waka, ka rera waƙar da dukan motsin zuciyarka.
  • Aikin motsa jiki tare da dannawa: Tempo dole ne ya kasance mai daidaituwa, amma magana na iya numfashi. Aikin wasa gaba ko baya da bugun dan kadan don dacewa da salon amma kawai bayan sautin ya zama dutse mai ƙarfi.

Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sautin Sa

A cikin kundin Romantic da na Post-Romantic, vibrato mai dumi yana ƙara magana. A cikin rubutun gargajiya ko na Baroque, vibrato ana amfani da shi a hankali ko kuma ba a amfani da shi ba. Yi amfani da vibrato daga diaphragm (don ƙananan tagulla, vibrato lebe ba shi da yawa; yi amfani da hannu / hannu vibrato akan euphonium da tuba, ko slide vibrato akan trombone).

Saurari shahararrun 'yan wasa kamar Christian Lindberg (trombone), Roger Bobo (tuba), da Steven Mead (euphonium) don jin yadda suke bambanta sautin don salo.

Ka Haɗa da Kuma daidaitawa a Yanayi

A cikin sauraro, ana yawan buga rubutun shi kadai. Amma fahimtar yadda ya dace da ƙungiyar yana taimaka maka ka yanke shawara game da kiɗa. Alal misali, wani ɓangaren bass trombone wanda ya ninka ƙwanƙwasa ya kamata a buga shi da sauti mai zagaye, ba mai taurin kai ba.

Shirye-shiryen Ƙarshe don Ranar Aiki

Yayin da sauraron sauraron sauraron sauraron ko kuma wasan kwaikwayon ya kusa, ka canja hankali daga warware matsaloli zuwa yin kwaikwayon da kuma kasancewa a shirye.

Taron Ji da Kuma Gudun Tafiya

Ka yi koyi da ainihin yanayin wasan kwaikwayon, ka yi ado kamar yadda kake so, ka saka tufafin da kake so ka yi sauraro, kuma ka yi wasa a cikin dukan jerin abubuwan da aka rubuta ba tare da ka daina ba.

  • Rubuta kanka a cikin wani taken: Falta kamar kai ne mai hukunci lura da takardun fasaha, amma kuma saurara don ƙirar kiɗa da amincewa.
  • Ka gayyaci masu sauraro masu mahimmanci: Ka yi wasa ga malami, abokin aiki, ko ma wanda ba mai kida ba. Ka nemi ra'ayoyi game da sautin, bayyanar, da kasancewa.
  • Aikin motsa jiki tare da abubuwan jan hankali: Saita metronome ko kunna amo don kwaikwayon tashin hankali na ɗakin sauraro.

Shirye-shiryen Tunanin da Kuma Matsayi

Hoto yana da iko. Rufe idanunka kuma ka yi tunanin tafiya cikin amincewa cikin dakin, ka numfashi sosai, kuma ka yi wasa da rubutun daidai yadda ka shirya. Idan jijiyoyi suna da matsala, ka ci gaba da yin al'ada kafin wasan kwaikwayon: motsa jiki na numfashi, tabbaci mai kyau, ko kuma wani takamaiman yanayin jiki wanda ke ba da siginar mode

  • Ka mai da hankali kan tsari, ba sakamakon ba: Ka mai da hankali kan jin daɗin goyon bayan iska mai kyau, bakin da aka kwantar da hankali, da kuma kalmar kiɗa. Ka guji tunani Ba zan iya yin ba.
  • Yi amfani da rana kafin da hikima: Yi sashin motsa jiki mai sauƙi ba tare da yin aiki mai nauyi ba. Tabbatar da hutawa mai kyau, ruwa, da daidaitaccen abinci. Guji yawan maganin kafeyin.

Nasihu na Ƙarshe don Yin Aiki

  • Ka duba kayan aikinka: Ka tabbata an shafa slides, bawul din da aka shafa da kuma murfin tsabta. Ka kawo kayan aikin madadin idan zai yiwu.
  • FLT:0 Warm up kafin sauraron sauraro: FLT: 1 Kasancewa da wuri don yin cikakken warming a cikin dakin motsa jiki. Amma kada ku yi wasa da yawa 15 20 minti na sautin dogon sautin da sauƙi mai sauƙi ya isa.
  • A cikin dakin sauraro, ɗauki lokaci don mayar da hankalin ku kafin kunnawa. Tabbatacce, sautin farko mai tsabta ya saita sautin.

Ƙarshen

Shirya ƙananan sassaƙaƙƙun sassaƙaƙƙun sassaƙaƙu tsari ne mai ladabi wanda ke gina horo, kiɗa, da juriya. Ta hanyar kusanci kowane yanki tare da cikakken nazarin ƙididdiga, ƙwarewa da gangan, ƙwarewa da ƙwarewa, da niyyar bayyanawa, kuna ƙirƙirar tushe mai aminci wanda ke jurewa a ƙarƙashin matsi. Ka tuna cewa ci gaba mai ƙarfi, mai ƙaruwa ya fi ƙarfin minti na ƙarshe a kowane lokaci. Yi amfani da albarkatun da ke akwai rikodi, ɗakunan karatu na kan layi, da takwarorinka don inganta fassararka. Tare da haƙuri da daidaitaccen aikace-aikacen waɗannan matakan, za ku shiga kowane yanayin wasan kwaikwayon tare da tabbacin cewa abubuwan da kuka samu a shirye suke da gaske.