Me Ya Sa Ake Yin Waƙoƙi Masu Tsawo?

Sautin dogon lokaci shine tushen fasaha na trombone, kuma muhimmancin su ya wuce kawai riƙe da sautin. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi da gangan, suna haɓaka daidaitaccen tsoka, goyon bayan numfashi, da kuma jin ji wanda ke tallafawa kowane bangare na kunnawa. Ga mahimman fa'idodi da aka bayyana a cikin zurfin:

  • Kula da numfashi: Kula da bayanin kula na tsawon lokaci yana tilasta muku sarrafa numfashin ku yadda ya kamata. Wannan ya ƙunshi haɗa da diaphragm, tsokoki na tsakiya, da bango na ciki a cikin daidaitaccen hanya. Bayan lokaci, kuna haɓaka ikon samar da iska mai ƙarfi wanda ba ya motsawa yayin da isar da iska ta ragu. Wannan ƙwarewar tana da mahimmanci ga dogon magana, sarrafawa mai ƙarfi, da jimiri yayin wasan kwaikwayo.
  • ] Tone quality: Tone mai tsawo shine gilashin kara girman sauti. riƙe da bayanin kula yana ba ku lokaci don sauraron ainihinsa: murya, tsakiyar sauti, da sautunan. Ta hanyar yin micro-gyare-gyare ga ƙofarku, siffar rami na baki, da saurin iska, zaku iya inganta sautin ku don zama mafi mai da hankali, zagaye, da kuma nunawa. Wannan madaidaicin madaidaicin juzu'i shine dalilin da ya sa ƙwararrun masani suke ba da sautunan dogon sautin sa hannu.
  • Taron sauti, tare da slide, yana buƙatar daidaitawa na kunne koyaushe. Sautin dogon sauti yana koya muku don jin sautin kafin ku kunna shi kuma don gyara duk wani bambanci a cikin ainihin lokacin. Yin wasa da jirgin sama ko mai daidaitawa yana ƙarfafa wannan ƙwarewar, yana taimaka muku wajen daidaita ƙirar sauti da daidaitaccen yanayi don haka kunnenku zai jagorantar matsayin slide ɗin ku daidai.
  • Ƙarfin tsoka da jimiri: Ci gaba da riƙe bakin da kuma matsayi na slide na tsawon lokaci motsa jiki ne. Kasuwancin da ke kewaye da bakin (orbicularis oris, da sauransu) da tsokoki na hannu waɗanda ke daidaita slide suna haɓaka jimiri. Wannan yana hana gajiya yayin dogon horo ko karatun kuma yana ba ku damar kiyaye fasaha koda a ƙarƙashin damuwa ta jiki.
  • Tunanin hankali: Tunanin sauti ne mai tsawo. Suna horar da ku don ci gaba da mayar da hankali kan aiki guda ɗaya sauraro, numfashi, da samar da sautin mai tsabta. Wannan horo na tunani yana ɗaukar duk sauran fannoni na aiki, yana taimaka muku kasancewa a wurin kuma kuna aiki.

Ta wajen sa sa sautin da ba a iya tattaunawa da shi a rayuwarka ta yau da kullum, kana kafa tushen da ya dace don yin amfani da fasaha mai ci gaba kamar vibrato, yin magana da kalmomi da sauri, da kuma yin magana da ƙarfi.

Hanyar Ainihin da Za a Yi Koyarwa a Sautin Da Ya Dace

Hanyar da ta fi dacewa ita ce mai sauƙi, amma shaidan yana cikin cikakkun bayanai. Ga jagorar mataki-mataki don tabbatar da cewa kun sami mafi yawan sauti:

  1. Zaɓi sautin da ya dace: Ka fara a cikin matsakaiciyar rijista (kusa da B-flat a ƙasa da tsakiyar C zuwa F a sama da tsakiyar C) inda bakin ka ke jin shakatawa kuma sautin ka yana tsakiyar. Ka guji sautin da ya fi girma ko ƙasa har sai ka warmed gaba ɗaya.
  2. Saita lokaci ko amfani da metronome: Fara da 10 zuwa 15 seconds da bayanin kula. Kamar yadda ka sarrafa inganta, sannu a hankali ƙara zuwa 20, 30, ko ma 40 seconds. A metronome saita zuwa 60 bpm taimaka maka waƙa da lokaci da kuma kula da rhythmic daidaito idan ka shirya yin mahara da bayanin kula a jere.
  3. Yi numfashi mai zurfi, mai nutsuwa: Yi numfashi ta bakinka (kamar yadda kake shan ruwa ta hanyar tsami) don cika huhu, faɗaɗa kwandon kirji da ciki. Guji ɗaga kafadu. numfashin ya kamata ya kasance shiru kuma a cikin jiki.
  4. Fara bayanin kula a tsabta: Yi amfani da farawa mai laushi na harshe (ko kuma bugun numfashi don legato) don fara sauti.
  5. A cikin bayanin kula, yi tunanin iska ta kasance mai gudana na ruwa. Kada ku bar iska ta ragu yayin da kuka kusa da ƙarshen. Yi aiki don kiyayewa tare da daidaitaccen girma (mezzo-forte yana da kyau ga masu farawa).
  6. Ka saurari mai mahimmanci: Ka mai da hankali ga maɓallin sauti. Shin yana da tsabta kuma yana da tsakiya, ko yana da iska, gefen ɓoye? Shin sautin yana motsawa ko kuma yana kwance? Yi ƙananan gyare-gyare yayin da kake wasa.
  7. Ka bar bayanin kula a hankali: Kada ka yanke sautin ba zato ba tsammani da harshenka ko ta hanyar matsawa da kurkukunka. Maimakon haka, bari iska ta ɓace a cikin 'yan seconds na ƙarshe, ko yanke bayanin kula tare da taushi, sarrafa harshen tsayawa. Wannan yana shirya ka don yin magana mai santsi.

Ka maimaita wannan aikin na sa'o'i biyar zuwa goma, ka yi tafiya a kan kuma a ƙasa (na rabin mataki ko kuma dukan mataki) don ka sami damar yin hakan.

Hanyar Homa: Injin da ke Bayan Sautin Sauti Mai Tsawo

Yawancin masu wasan kwaikwayo suna gwagwarmaya da dogon sautin saboda sun yi watsi da tsarin numfashi. Tallafin numfashi mai kyau ba kawai game da ɗaukar numfashi mai yawa ba ne; yana da game da sarrafa numfashi. Ga mahimman ƙa'idodi don haɗawa:

  • Hannu a kan ciki a ƙarƙashin kwandon rib. Lokacin da kake numfashi, ya kamata a tura hannunka waje ta hanyar saukar da ƙwayar cuta. Wannan numfashi mai zurfi yana ƙara ƙarfin huhu kuma yana daidaita kwandon jikinka.
  • Appoggio fasaha: Adapt Italiyanci bel canto ra'ayi na support. Bayan numfashi, ji wani m juriya (kamar dakatar da numfashi) yayin da rike wani m waje iska. Wannan ya hana iska daga gudu fita da sauri da kuma samar da m matsa lamba.
  • Aikin motsa jiki: Bayan ƙaho, yi motsa jiki don numfashi na dakika 4, riƙe na dakika 4, sannan numfashi na tsawon dakika 10 ta hanyar ƙaramin buɗewa a lebe (kamar yadda idan ka busa kyandir). Sannu a hankali ka faɗaɗa numfashi zuwa 20 ko 30 seconds. Wannan yana gina ƙwaƙwalwar tsoka don dogon sauti.
  • Hanyar da za a iya amfani da ita a cikin harshenka ta hanyar yin amfani da harshenka.

Don zurfafa zurfafawa cikin numfashi, zaku iya tuntuɓar albarkatu kan aikin huhu don masu kunna iska, kamar binciken kan mashin numfashi a cikin masu kunna ƙarfe.

Ƙwarewar Yin Koyarwa a Sautin Da Ya Dace

Da zarar ka sami iko mai ƙarfi a kan sautunan da suka fi tsayi, ka ƙalubalanci kanka da waɗannan bambance-bambance.

Canjin Canjin

Fara bayanin kula a pianoissimo (ko ma ppp), sannan a hankali crescendo zuwa fortissimo, sannan decrescendo zuwa pianissimo a tsawon lokacin sautin. Wannan ana kiran shi sau da yawa a wave ko swell. Yana koya muku daidaita saurin iska da matsa lamba ta bakin cikin sautin guda ɗaya.

Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙ

Yayin da kake riƙe da bayanin kula, a hankali ka lankwasa sautin ƙasa rabin mataki (ko fiye) sannan ka koma zuwa asalin sautin. Wannan motsa jiki yana inganta sarrafa slide, sassauci na bakin, da ikon yin furen lebe. Ka riƙe sauti daidai kuma ka guji karkacewa. Hakanan zaka iya lankwasawa sama da farko, sa'an nan ƙasa, sannan ka dawo. Wannan yana da amfani musamman don haɓaka lip slurs da ake buƙata don jazz da kiɗa na zamani.

Ƙarshen Sauti Mai Tsawo

Maimakon kunna sautin guda ɗaya, riƙe sautin guda ɗaya, sannan motsa ta takamaiman lokaci (misali, cikakkiyar biyar) kuma riƙe sabon sautin. Sa'an nan kuma dawo. Wannan ya haɗu da dogon sautin tare da daidaito na slide da horo na kunne. Misali, kunna F2 (F a ƙasa da sandar) na sakan 10, sannan motsa zuwa C3 (C a octave a ƙasa da tsakiyar C) na sakan 10, sannan komawa zuwa F2.

Ka Yi Amfani da Jirgin Sama ko Mai Sauyawa

Yi wasa da sautunan dogon sauti a kan sautin jirgin sama (akwai aikace-aikace da shafukan yanar gizo da yawa kyauta) wanda ke kunna tushen maɓallin da kake ciki. Wannan yana horar da kunnenka don kulle cikin jerin jituwa. A madadin haka, yi amfani da sautin da aka saita zuwa sautin asali kuma daidaita slides ɗin don kiyaye allura ta ci gaba. Wannan yana da amfani musamman don kunnawa a cikin sautin da pianos ko wasu kayan aikin sautin sautin.

Aikin Ruwa a Ƙahon

Ka riƙe sautin har tsawon lokacin da zai yiwu tare da motsi mai ƙarfi. Lokacin da kake jin cewa ba ka da iska, yi ƙoƙarin matsawa na ƙarin 23 seconds ta amfani da goyon bayan ciki na ƙarshe. Kada ka yaudare ta hanyar barin sautinka ya ragu. Wannan yana gina ƙarfin numfashi mai yawa. Wani bambanci: kunna sautin, sannan rage iska har sai sautin ghosts (ya zama mai iska sosai amma har yanzu yana da wasu sautin), sannan ƙara iska sake. Wannan yana taimaka maka sarrafa ƙofar tsakanin sauti da shiru.

Misali na Ƙarshen Jigo

Ga tsarin da za a iya daidaitawa da shi da zai dace da minti 15 20. Ka daidaita tsawon lokaci da kuma maimaitawa zuwa matakinka (mai farawa, matsakaici, ko kuma na gaba).

  1. FLT:0]]Warm-up (3 min): Buzzing a kan bakin. Fara da sauki sirens (sanya sama da kasa a cikin wani dadi range) sa'an nan kuma rike 'yan pitches ga 5 seconds kowane. Wannan ya kunna embouchure ba tare da tashin hankali.
  2. FLT:0]]Basic Long Tones (4 minutes): Yi wasa da sautunan biyar a cikin rijistar tsakiya (misali, Bb2, C3, D3, Eb3, F3). Ka riƙe kowane na dakika 15. Yi amfani da metronome a 60 bpm kuma ƙidaya 15 a kowace sautin. Ka riƙe saurin mp.
  3. Dynamic Swells (4 minutes): A kan maki guda biyar, yanzu yi raƙuman ruwa: fara pp, crescendo sama da dakika 5 zuwa ff, riƙe na dakika 5, decrescendo sama da dakika 5. Jimlar dakika 15 a kowace sautin.
  4. Tsakanin Sauti Mai Tsawo (minti uku): Zaɓi sautin tushe, sannan ka matsa zuwa sama da biyar kuma ka koma baya. Misali, kunna F3 na dakika 10, sannan C4 na dakika 10, sannan ka dawo. Maimaita tare da sauran saiti (uku uku, huɗu, da sauransu) kamar yadda lokaci ya ba da izini.
  5. Fitar da sauti (minti 2): Zaɓi sautin guda ɗaya ko biyu a cikin rijistar tsakiya. A kan kowane sautin, riƙe na sakan 10: lankwasa rabin mataki a cikin sakan 4, riƙe da sautin lankwasa na sakan 2, dawo a cikin sakan 4. Sa'an nan kuma maimaita lankwasawa zuwa sama.
  6. Cool-down (2 min): Play hudu dabaru a cikin low rajista (F2, E2, D2, C2) sosai m (pp) ga 10 seconds kowane. mayar da hankali a kan wani shakatawa, dumi sautin ba tare da tilasta low dabaru.

Ga 'yan wasa na tsakiya, ƙara lokacin riƙewa zuwa 2030 seconds kuma ƙara sautin shida don faɗaɗa zangon. 'Yan wasan da suka ci gaba na iya haɗa sautin pedal ko sautin rajista mai girma (kamar babban Bb) tare da hankali.

Kuskuren da Mutane Suka Yi Kuma Yadda Za Mu Guje Su

Ko da masu wasan ƙwallon ƙafa da suka ƙware za su iya yin rashin amfani da sautin da aka yi a lokacin da suke yin waƙa.

  • Riƙe numfashi maimakon amfani da shi: Wasu 'yan wasa suna taƙaita ƙuƙunansu don riƙe iska, suna haifar da sautin ƙwanƙwasawa. Maimakon haka, ku buɗe ƙuƙunansu ku bar iska ta gudana koyaushe. Yi tunanin iska tana sauka daga bakinku zuwa diaphragm yayin da kuke wasa.
  • Matsakaicin matsin lamba akan bakin: Flat: 1 Fitar da bakin cikin lebe don riƙe da bayanin kula na iya zama kamar yana taimakawa, amma a zahiri yana iyakance gudanawar jini kuma yana haifar da tashin hankali. Yi amfani da haske, daidaitaccen matsin lamba kuma dogara da goyon bayan iska.
  • ] Yin watsi da karkatar da sauti: ] Yawancin 'yan wasa suna barin karkatar da sauti ko tashi ba tare da lura ba. Yi amfani da mai saiti ko jirgin sama a kowane zaman har sai kunnenka ya zama abin dogaro. Rubuta kanka kuma saurara.
  • FLT:0]]Rushing motsa jiki: Long sautunan bukatar hakuri. Idan ka riƙe wani rubutu kawai don 8 seconds sa'an nan kuma motsa, ka miss da ci gaban amfanin. Yi amfani da wani lokaci don rike kanka da lissafi.
  • FLT:0]]Yana wasa ne kawai a matakin matsar lamba guda ɗaya: Tsayawa a kan ƙarar iri ɗaya baya haifar da iko mai ƙarfi.
  • Rashin kulawa da ƙananan da manyan rajista: Yana da jaraba don kasancewa a cikin tsakiyar mai dadi, amma dogon sautunan a cikin manyan rajista suna gina kewayon gaba ɗaya da daidaito. Hada da sautunan ƙasa da biyu a kowace rana, amma kawai bayan dumama mai kyau.

Ka haɗa Sauti Mai Tsawo a Cikin Ayyukanka

Sautin da aka yi a kan sautin ba aiki ne mai zaman kansa ba; shi ne tushen dukan abin da ya rage.

  • Kafin ka yi aiki da wani abu, ka yi wasa da dogon sautin a kan sautin farko na wannan abu. Wannan yana warming up da takamaiman sautunan da kewayawa za ka bukatar.
  • A matsayin kayan aikin bincike: Idan kuna gwagwarmaya da wani sashi, ware mahimman bayanan kuma kuyi aiki dasu azaman dogon sautuna. Wannan yana nuna matsalolin ƙuƙwalwa ko iska waɗanda za'a iya ɓoye su a cikin mahallin da ya fi sauri.
  • Haɗuwa da magana: Bayan aikin sautin sautinka mai tsawo, yi aiki da waɗannan sautunan tare da magana mai banbanci (tenuto, staccato, legato) yayin da kake riƙe da goyon bayan numfashi iri ɗaya da kuka yi amfani da shi akan sautunan tsawo.
  • Aikin tunani: Ka raira waƙa da dogon sautuna tare da sautin da ya dace kuma ka yi tunanin sauti na trombone. Wannan yana ƙarfafa kunne ba tare da amfani da bakin ba, yana hana gajiya yayin da yake inganta wakilcin tunani.

Don ƙarin bayani game da ƙirƙirar daidaitaccen aikin motsa jiki na trombone, shafin Brass Practice Resources yana ba da ƙarin ra'ayoyi kan tsarin warming-ups da aikin fasaha.

Ƙarin Nasihu don Yin Koyarwa Mai Kyau

  • Ka kasance mai nutsuwa: Ka bincika wuyanka, kafadu, da jaws don samun tashin hankali. Idan ka ji damuwa, ka girgiza shi ka daidaita matsayinka. tashin hankali shine abokin gaba na sauti mai kyau.
  • Har ma da minti 10 a rana yana ba da ci gaba fiye da awa ɗaya a mako.
  • Rijistar kanka: Yi amfani da waya ko mai rikodin don kama sautunanka masu tsawo. Saurari rashin daidaito a cikin sautin, sautin, da canje-canje masu motsi. Yana da buɗe ido (ko buɗe kunnuwa) don jin abin da kuke sauti da abin da kuke tsammani kuke sauti.
  • Yi amfani da madubi: Ka lura da bakin ka: shin yana tsayawa ko yana yin murmushi? Shin kafadu suna tashi?
  • Yi haƙuri: Inganta sautin da kuma sarrafa numfashi tsari ne na dogon lokaci. Ka mai da hankali kan ƙananan, haɓaka haɓaka maimakon tsammanin sakamako nan take. Yi bikin lokacin da zaka iya riƙe bayanin kula na dakika 5 fiye da makon da ya gabata, ko lokacin da sautinka ya zama mafi bayyana a ƙarshen jimla.
  • Lokaci daban-daban na motsa jiki: Wani lokaci kuna motsa jiki a cikin dogon sautuna lokacin da kuke sabo; wasu lokuta bayan cikakken atisaye don haɓaka jimiri da maida hankali a ƙarƙashin gajiya.
  • A cikin sautin, ku yi shiru kaɗan don sake saitawa. Saurari sauti na ɗakin kuma ku shirya don sautin na gaba. Wannan yana zurfafa kwarewar sauraron ku.

Sautin dogon ba kawai aiki bane; sune kayan aiki mai ƙarfi don canji. Idan aka kusanci da son sani da horo, za su buɗe sauti mai ma'ana, mai sarrafawa, da kyau wanda ke gudana ta kowane yanki da kuka kunna. Don ƙarin bincike game da ilimin ilimin trombone, ƙungiyar Trombone ta Duniya tana ba da labarai, darussan jagoranci, da bincike kan hanyoyin motsa jiki masu tasiri.