Fahimtar Yadda Za a Saita Euphonium da Yadda Za a Ci Gaba da Saitawa

Euphonium yana da matsayi na musamman a cikin iyalin jan ƙarfe. Sautinsa mai duhu, mai duhu yana haɗuwa da dumi tare da saurin aiki, yana mai da shi babban abu a cikin ƙungiyoyin jan ƙarfe, ƙungiyoyin wasan kwaikwayo, da kuma rukunin iska. Duk da haka, har ma da mafi kyawun kayan aiki zai yi sauti mai laushi kuma mara rai idan ba a daidaita shi daidai ba. Samun daidaituwa a kan euphonium yana buƙatar fiye da jan slide kawai; yana buƙatar zurfin fahimtar yadda kayan aikin ke aiki, da fasaha na mai kunnawa, da yanayin ke hulɗa. Wannan jagorar ya buɗe abubuwan da ke cikin sautin euphonium kuma yana ba da tsarin kulawa mai kyau don taimaka muku kiyaye ƙaho ku sauti mafi kyau.

Me Ya Sa Sa Saurin Sautin Euphonium Ya Bambanta da Sauran Kayan Wajen Gasa

Ba kamar ƙaho ko trombone ba, euphonium yana da babban rami mai faɗi diamita na bututun yana ƙaruwa a hankali daga bakin zuwa ƙararrawa. Wannan siffar mai faɗi tana ba euphonium sautin saurin saurin saurin sa amma kuma yana gabatar da yanayin sautin na musamman. Wasu sautunan, musamman waɗanda ke cikin ƙananan da sama masu tsayi, za su motsa ta hanyar halitta ko kuma kwance. Mai kunnawa dole ne ya biya ta hanyar haɗuwa da daidaitawar slide, sarrafa ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙu, da kula da iska.

Halin da Ya Sa Za a Yi Saurin Yin Farin Ciki

Kowane murya na kayan aikin tagulla yana ƙarƙashin tsawon ginshiƙan iska. Euphonium kayan aiki ne na fassara (yawanci a cikin B), wanda ke nufin cewa rubutacciyar C tana sauti kamar wasan kwaikwayo B. Duk da haka, jerin harmonic jerin murya da aka samar ta hanyar bututun buɗe ya ƙunshi ɓangarori waɗanda ba duka suna cikin daidaituwa daidai da yanayi daidai ba. Misali, ɓangare na 7 galibi yana da faɗi sosai, kuma ɓangare na 11 yana da ƙwarewa sosai. Wannan shi ne ba lahani ba; yana da alaƙa da kimiyyar bututun tagulla na silinda da kuma kusurwa. Masanin daidaitawa yana nufin koyon inda waɗannan bayanan na halitta suke rayuwa da yadda ake lankwasa su cikin murya ta amfani da ƙuƙwalwarku da nunin.

Abubuwa da yawa suna sa waɗannan halayen su zama masu haɗari:

  • Lokacin da kayan aiki ya yi sanyi, ƙarfe yana raguwa, yana rage ginshiƙin iska kuma yana sa sa saƙar ta zama mai kaifi. Yayin da kake wasa, kayan aikin yana dumi kuma saƙar ta ragu, wani lokacin da 1015 cents. Saitin kafin ka kasance cikakke dumi kusan yana ba da tabbacin cewa za ka zama kwance daga baya.
  • danshi da numfashi: Haɗuwa a cikin bututun yana canza tasirin tasiri kaɗan, yana shafar intonation a cikin zangon.
  • FLT:0] Tsawon zangon bawul: Ko da tare da masana'antar zamani, haɗuwa uku (ko hudu) na bawul suna haifar da tsawon bututu waɗanda ba sa da kyau. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa akwai tsarin ramawa da ƙarin slides na daidaitawa.

Fahimtar Babban Slides na Saitawa da kuma Slides na Valve

Euphonium yana sanye take da babban slide na daidaitawa madauki mai siffar U na bututu wanda ke kusa da kararrawa ko bawul na huɗu (dangane da samfurin). Wannan slide shine babban kayan aikinku don saita yawan sautin kayan aiki dangane da A = 440 Hz. Ja slide ɗin ya tsawaita bututun, yana rage sautin; tura shi cikin yana ɗaga sautin.

Bugu da ƙari, kowane bawul yana da slide na saiti na kansa. Waɗannan suna ba ka damar gyara sautin bayanan da aka buga tare da wannan haɗin bawul ɗin na musamman. Misali, bayanan da aka buga tare da bawul na farko (kamar wasan kwaikwayo A) galibi suna da kaifi. Ta hanyar jan slide na bawul na farko a ɗan, kuna ƙara tsawon bututun don daidaita wannan sautin amma kawai don bayanan da ke amfani da wannan bawul ɗin. Wannan ya fi daidai da yin gyara tare da babban slide.

Pro tip: Alamar matsayin nunin faifai tare da fensir ko ƙaramin tef bayan kun sami saiti mai kyau. Wannan yana ba ku daidaitaccen farawa a lokacin da kuka ɗauki ƙaho.

Tsarin Gyara Euphonium a Mataki

Ka bi wannan tsarin a duk lokacin da kake motsa jiki ko kuma ka yi aiki. Kada ka yi watsi da warming ba za a iya yin shawarwari ba don daidaitawa daidai.

  1. FLT:0]] Warm up da kayan aiki da fuskarka: Play dogon sautuna, lebe slurs, da kuma sikelin for 1015 minti. mayar da hankali a kan wani cikakken, goyon sauti a tsakiyar rajista. Wannan ya kara da karfe zafin jiki zuwa wasa matakin da loosens your embouchure tsokoki.
  2. Sanya sautin tunani: Yi amfani da sautin lantarki wanda aka saita zuwa A = 440 Hz, fork na sautin, ko madaidaicin drone daga piano ko app. Idan kuna cikin rukuni, yi amfani da bayanin sautin ensemble yawanci wasan kwaikwayo B don euphonium.
  3. Saita babban slide na farko: Play wani matsakaici-range bayanin kula za ka iya samar da dadi (yawanci rubuta B a cikin sandar, sauti concert A). Watch tuner. hankali matsa ko ja da babban tuning slide har allura ne centered.
  4. Lura da bayanin kula akan kowane bawul: Play jerin bayanin kula da ba su yi amfani da bawul (buɗe), bawul na farko, bawul na biyu, bawul na uku, da kuma kowane bawul na huɗu. Lura inda sautin ya faɗi. Saita slide na bawul ɗin da ya dace da ƙananan ƙaruwa (12 mm a lokaci guda).
  5. -Kara sautin kunne: Da zarar mai sautin ya nuna mafi yawan cibiyar, kashe shi kuma kunna sautunan dogon sauti akan jirgin sama mara matuki. Saurari sautin beats sauti mai bugun jini wanda ke nuna sautin sautin biyu ya ɗan ɓace. Cire sautin ta hanyar yin ƙaramin ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwa ko daidaitawar slide.
  6. A cikin saitin rukuni, sautin ku shine farkon farawa. Sautin gaba ɗaya na ƙungiyar na iya motsawa a ɗan kaifi ko lebur saboda sautin ɗakin ko wasu kayan aiki (misali, piano da aka daidaita zuwa 440 Hz da ƙungiyar da ke daidaita wasan kwaikwayo F). Saurari kuma daidaita babban slide ɗin ku don dacewa da sauti na ƙungiyar.

Matsalolin Rashin Jin Daɗi a Euphonium

Kowane euphonium yana da nasa hali, amma mutane da yawa suna da irin wannan matsalar sautin.

Ƙananan rajista (Rajistar ƙafa)

Sautin pedal (ƙananan ƙarar) sau da yawa suna sauti mai faɗi saboda bututun ya riga ya daɗe sosai kuma jerin jituwa ba a bayyana shi da kyau ba. Ja babban slide a ɗan kaɗan (gajarta bututun) lokacin kunna a cikin wannan rijistar, ko amfani da ƙofar da ta fi ƙarfi kaɗan don ɗaga ƙarar. Guji busa iska mai ba da hankali wanda ke sa sa sa sautin ya zama mafi santsi.

Littafin da ke Tsakiya (Wurin da ke da Kyau)

A cikin wannan yanayin, an rubuta B a ƙasa da ma'aikatan da kuma F a sama da ma'aikatan. Wannan shine mafi kyawun zangon don amfani da saiti na farko. Duk da haka, layin 4 na D da F a saman ma'aikatan na iya zama kaifi saboda yanayin ɓangare na 5. Yawancin 'yan wasa suna sauke jaw ko saukar da harshe ta atomatik don biyan kuɗi. Hanya mafi kyau: ja bawul na biyu slide a hankali don sautin kamar D (1 + 2 haɗuwa).

Babban Rijistar

A sama da ma'aikatan, kashi na 7 (wanda aka rubuta B a sama da ma'aikatan) sananne ne mai santsi. Yi ma'amala ta hanyar tura slide na bawul na farko a ciki ko ta amfani da iska mai sauri da kuma ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa. kashi na 8 (babban B layin biyu a sama da ma'aikatan) yawanci yana da kwanciyar hankali. Na 9 na ɓangare (babban D) na iya zama mai kaifi yawancin 'yan wasa suna amfani da haɗuwa da bawul na 2 + 3 maimakon 1 + 2 don inganta intonation.

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Haɗin 1 + 3 (ƙananan rajista na wasan kwaikwayo G) kusan koyaushe yana da kyau. Don gyara wannan, wasu euphoniums suna da slide na bawul na uku wanda za'a iya faɗaɗa shi kaɗan. Ja shi kaɗan. Haɗin 1 + 2 + 3 (ƙananan C#) galibi yana da laushi, don haka matsa slides a ɗan. Jagorar Yamaha zuwa euphonium wasa yana ba da cikakken jadawalin waɗannan abubuwan.

Ƙwarewar Ƙwarewar Ƙwarewa don Yin Wasa a Ƙungiya

A cikin ƙungiyar mawaƙa ko ƙungiyar mawaƙa, ba za ku iya dogara ga mai saitawa da aka saita zuwa 440. Ƙungiyar na iya saitawa zuwa wani daidaitaccen misali daban, kuma kirtani suna buƙatar kawai intonation inda kuke lankwasa sautunan don ƙirƙirar kashi uku da biyar. Ga yadda masu sana'a ke sarrafa shi:

  • Yi amfani da drone a cikin sautin kayan. Yayin da kake yin atisaye a cikin B mai girma, kunna drone B a kan mai magana. Saita kowane sautin da kake wasa don yin sauti a cikin sautin wannan drone. Wannan yana horar da kunnenka don jin bugun jini na halitta.
  • A cikin ƙungiyar mawaƙa, tuba da bass trombone sun kafa tushe. Saita fifiko da uku zuwa ga bass. Idan kirtani B mai girma ne, ya kamata a buga na uku (D) a ɗan ƙasa (kimanin 14 cents a ƙasa da yanayin yanayi) don sauti mai tsabta.
  • Yi amfani da kunnuwanka, ba idanunka ba. ] Ka juya daga mai sautin yayin wasan kwaikwayo. Ka kalli jagora da shugaban sashen. Idan wani sauti ya yi maka sauti sour, daidaita slide ko ƙofar har sai bugun ya ɓace. Mai sautin lantarki jagora ne kawai.
  • Yi hankali da motsin zuciyarka. [ [FLT: 0] Yin wasa da ƙarfi yana da saurin tura sautin; wasa mai laushi na iya sa ya faɗi. Yi aiki da kunna piano da ƙarfi yayin da kake ci gaba da mayar da hankali kan mai daidaitawa. Wannan yana gina ƙwaƙwalwar tsoka.

Yin Saiti da Valve na Hudu

Yawancin euphoniums (musamman ma samfurin compensating) suna da bawul na huɗu wanda ke rage saurin da cikakken na huɗu. Slides na bawul na huɗu kuma yana buƙatar daidaitawa. Bayanan da ke amfani da bawul na huɗu kawai (misali, low F) na iya zama mai kaifi; ja slides ɗin a ɗan. Don haɗuwa 2 + 4 (low E), kuna iya buƙatar turawa. Yana da daraja ciyar da zaman da aka keɓe tare da tuner wanda ke tsara yanayin da aka daidaita na takamaiman kayan aikinku.

Kula da Euphonium da ke Shafan Saurin Saitawa

Ko da ƙananan kwararar a cikin haɗin slide zai haifar da rashin kwanciyar hankali, musamman a cikin ƙananan rajista. Ga jerin abubuwan kulawa da suka wuce tsabtace asali:

  1. ]Lubricate bawul slides kowane mako. ] Cire kowane slide, yi amfani da layin mai mai slide (ba mai kauri ba), kuma aiki da shi ta hanyar motsa slide baya da gaba.
  2. [1] Dole ne piston ɗin bawul ɗin su motsa cikin yardar kaina. Idan bawul ya tsaya, bazai iya komawa gaba ɗaya zuwa matsayi na buɗewa ba, yana rage gajeren bututun don wannan bawul ɗin kuma ya sa sa saurin ya fi yadda ake so. Yi amfani da mai bawul mai inganci kuma yi amfani da shi kafin kowane taron horo.
  3. ]Tsabtace kayan aikin ciki kowane wata. ] Yi amfani da goga mai sassauƙa da ruwa mai dumi, sabulu don cire ragowar daga kwantena da slides. Micro-ƙwayoyin ƙura na iya zama mai rufewa kuma suna shafar muryar ginshiƙan iska. Yashe sosai kuma ya bushe.
  4. ] Bincika kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon kwandon
  5. ] Duba don ƙuƙwalwa da ɓarkewa. ] Duk wani ƙuƙwalwa a cikin bututun yana canza ƙarar ciki kuma yana iya haifar da tashin hankali. Ƙananan ƙuƙwalwa a kan slide na daidaitawa na iya haifar da matsalar sautin kai tsaye.

Matsayin Fata Fata a Yin Saurin

Kofin murya yana cikin tsarin daidaitawa. Kofin zurfi, mafi girma (da ya dace da euphonium na symphonic) yana haifar da sauti mai duhu amma yana iya sa babban rijista ya zama mai santsi saboda mai kunnawa dole ne ya yi aiki tukuru don kiyaye sautin. Kofin ƙasa (wanda ya zama ruwan dare a cikin euphoniums na Burtaniya) na iya tsaftace sautin. Lokacin da kuka canza murya, dole ne ku sake daidaita dukkan kayan aiki Kada kuyi tunanin saitin nunin ku zai kasance iri ɗaya. Wasu masu kunnawa masu ci gaba suna riƙe da murya biyu (ɗaya don ƙungiyar, ɗaya don kiɗan ɗakin) kuma su sanya alamar matsayin nunin su daidai.

Ka Ci Gaba da Sauraronka don Ka Saurara

Wannan na'urar tana da kyau sosai, kuma za ta taimaka maka ka ji daɗi.

  • Play tare da drone:Saita drone a kan tonic na sikelin (misali, C drone). Play da sikelin sannu a hankali, rike kowane sautin da sauraron beats. Gyara sautin har sai da sautin locks tare da drone. yi wannan kullum.
  • Ka yi waƙa sannan ka yi wasa: Ka yi waƙa a cikin kanka, sannan ka yi wasa a kan euphonium. Duba idan sautin ya dace. Idan ka yi kwance, hoton tunaninka ya yi ƙasa. Wannan yana gina kunne mai ƙarfi na ciki.
  • Rubuta kanka: Play wani sashi da kuma rikodin shi da wani tuner bayyane. Daga baya, saurari ga sautunan da suka karkata da kuma tunani alama su. Next yi, mayar da hankali kawai a kan wadanda sautunan.
  • Play duets tare da wani mai kunnawa: Babu wani abu da ke horar da sautin saurin sauri fiye da sauraron lokaci na ainihi tare da wani kayan aiki.

Abubuwan Muhalli da kuma Sauyawa

A lokacin sanyi, ka yi tsammanin cewa sautinka zai kasance mai kyau a farko; ka wartsake shi kafin ka yi wasa ta wajen busa iska mai dumi ta cikinsa na minti biyar. A yanayin zafi, mai danshi, ƙarfe yana faɗaɗa kuma sautin ya ragu kana iya buƙatar tura babban slide a baya fiye da yadda aka saba. Ka kasance a shirye ka daidaita a kan tashi.

Ƙarshen

Euphonium tuning wani fasaha ne mai ban mamaki wanda ke haɗuwa da ilimin inji tare da kunne mai kyau. Ta hanyar fahimtar ilimin lissafi na kayan aikinka, daidaita slides a yayin dumi, da kuma yin aiki na yau da kullun, za ka rage gwagwarmayar saitawa kuma ka saki kanka don mayar da hankali kan magana. Ka tuna: saitawa ba game da samun cikakken lamba a allo bane yana nufin sanya kowane sautin da kake wasa ya haɗu da kyau tare da mawaƙa a kusa da kai. Fara da matakan da ke sama, yi horo na kunne kowace rana, kuma kula da euphonium tare da kula da ya cancanci. Sakamakon zai zama mai kyau, sautin sauti wanda ke kawo kowane rukuni zuwa rayuwa.